DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO,WorldDrugTracker, helping millions, A 90 % paralysed man in action for you, I am suffering from transverse mylitis and bound to a wheel chair, With death on the horizon, nothing will not stop me except God................DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D ( ICT, Mumbai) , INDIA 25Yrs Exp. in the feld of Organic Chemistry,Working for GLENMARK GENERICS at Navi Mumbai, INDIA. Serving chemists around the world. Helping them with websites on Chemistry.Million hits on google, world acclamation from industry, academia, drug authorities for websites, blogs and educational contribution

Tuesday 28 April 2015

BREXPIPRAZOLE

Brexpiprazole structure.svg
Brexpiprazole
ブレクスピプラゾール
OPC-34712, UNII-2J3YBM1K8C, OPC34712,
CAS 913611-97-9,
Molecular Formula:C25H27N3O2S
Molecular Weight:433.56578 g/mol
7-[4-[4-(1-benzothiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one
7-[4-[4-(1-Benzothiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]butoxy]quinolin-2(1H)-one
2(1H)​-​Quinolinone, 7-​[4-​(4-​benzo[b]​thien-​4-​yl-​1-​piperazinyl)​butoxy]​-
7- [ 4- ( 4-benzo[b]thiophen-4- yl-piperazin-l-yl)butoxy] -lH-quinolin-2-one
7-[4-(4-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl-piperazin-1-yl)butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one
Otsuka Pharma Co Ltd,
OTSUKA ……………INNOVATOR
NDA is considered filed as of September 9, 2014 (60 days after submission). The PDUFA date is July 11, 2015.

Brexpiprazole (/brɛksˈpɪprəzl/ breks-pip-rə-zohl; also called OPC-34712) is a novel D2 dopamine partial agonist investigational product currently in clinical trials for the treatment of depression, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).[1]Although it failed Stage 2 trials for ADHD, it has been designed to provide improved efficacy and tolerability (e.g., lessakathisia, restlessness and/or insomnia) over established adjunctive treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD).[2]
OPC-34712 is an antidepressant and antipsychotic drug candidate awaiting approval in the U.S. for the treatment of schizophrenia and also as adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The product is in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of agitation associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Phase III clinical trials are also underway for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
brexpiprazole (pre-registration, as of April 2015), which is being developed by Otsuka and Lundbeck, useful for treating schizophrenia, agitation associated with Alzheimer’s disease, major depressive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Family members of the product case, WO2006112464, hold protection in EU states until 2026 and its US equivalent, US7888362, has US154 extension, expiring in 2027. Suzhou Vigonvita Life Sciences appears to be new to patenting and is the first collaborative filing from the three assignees.

Phase II clinical trials are also ongoing for use as adjunctive therapy in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The compound is being developed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical. In 2011, a codevelopment and commercialization agreement was signed by Lundbeck and Otsuka Pharmaceutical in Latin and North America, Australia and Europe for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
The drug is being developed by Otsuka, and is considered to be a successor[3] of its top-selling antipsychotic agent aripiprazole(brand names: Abilify, Aripiprex). Otsuka’s US patent on aripiprazole expired on October 20, 2014;[4] however, due to a pediatric extension, a generic will not become available until at least April 20, 2015.[5]

Brexpiprazole (1) , a serotonin–dopamine activity modulator, is an investigational new drug currently in phase-III clinical trials for the treatment of depression, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.(1A) Brexpiprazole is also considered to be a possible successor to the top-selling antipsychotic agent aripiprazole.(2A)
  1. 1A……….Phase II and Phase III Drugs in U.S. Development for Depression, Anxiety, Sleep Disorders, Psychosis & ADHD, 2011. http://www.neurotransmitter.net/newdrugs.html(accessed Jan 27, 2015).
  2. 2A…………FDA accepts new schizophrenia drug filing, 2014.http://www.pharmafile.com/news/194878/fda-accepts-new-schizophrenia-drug-filing(accessed Jan 27, 2015).
    BREXPIPRAZOLE.png
    Brexpiprazole
    In the clinical program, brexpiprazole demonstrated improvement in symptoms in both schizophrenia and as adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder (MDD)
    July 2015 is the anticipated completion timing of the FDA’s review (based on PDUFA timeline)Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Otsuka) and H. Lundbeck A/S (Lundbeck) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has determined that the New Drug Application (NDA) for brexpiprazole for monotherapy in adult patients with schizophrenia and for adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adult patients is sufficiently complete to allow for a substantive review, and the NDA is considered filed as of September 9, 2014 (60 days after submission). The PDUFA date is July 11, 2015.The NDA is supported by seven completed placebo-controlled clinical phase II or III studies in the proposed indications – three studies in schizophrenia and four studies with brexpiprazole as adjunctive therapy in MDD. The dossier included data from more than 6,000 participants of whom more than 5,000 received brexpiprazole.
    Brexpiprazole in adult patients with schizophreniaOne clinical phase II and two clinical phase III placebo-controlled studies have been completed using brexpiprazole in adult patients suffering from schizophrenia. Across the three studies more than 1,700 patients have been randomized.In the first pivotal phase III study randomizing approximately 625 patients, brexpiprazole 2mg/day and 4 mg/day both demonstrated greater improvement of symptoms relative to placebo as measured by change from baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Total Score at week 6 (p<0.05). Results of the key secondary endpoint supported primary results.In the second pivotal phase III study randomizing approximately 650 patients, brexpiprazole 4 mg/day again demonstrated greater improvement of symptoms relative to placebo (p<0.05) in change from baseline in the PANSS Total Score at Week 6. Brexpiprazole 2 mg/day showed numerical improvement (p>0.05) over placebo at Week 6.The results from the clinical phase II studyi were presented at the 24th Annual US Psychiatric and Mental Health Congress in November 2011. The study showed a clinically meaningful improvement from baseline measured by PANSS total score at week 6, although it did not achieve statistical separation from placeboii.In the placebo-controlled phase II and III studies, the rates of discontinuation due to adverse events were 8.1% for patients receiving brexpiprazole compared to 12.7% of patients receiving placebo; the only adverse event that occurred in more than 5% of brexpiprazole patients and more frequently than placebo was akathisia (5.8% vs. 4.5%).
    Brexpiprazole as adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder (MDD) Four studies have been included in the dossier using brexpiprazole as adjunctive therapy for adult patients suffering from MDD who had demonstrated a consistent, inadequate response to at least two regimens of prior antidepressant treatment. Patients with MDD and an inadequate response to one to three antidepressants were enrolled and received antidepressants for 8 weeks, single blinded, in the two phase III studies. Patients with an inadequate response during this prospective phase were provided antidepressant therapy and randomized adjunctive treatment with either brexpiprazole or placebo for 6 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in MADRS (Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) Total Score from baseline at week 6. MADRS is a commonly used scale to assess the range of symptoms in patients with MDD. Across the four studies, more than 3,900 patients entered the prospective phase and more than 1,800 patients were included in the randomized phase of the studies.The first pivotal phase III results were presented in a poster session at the 22nd European Psychiatry Association Congress (EPA) in March 2014. This two-arm phase III study randomized approximately 380 patients and demonstrated an improvement of symptoms with an antidepressant plus 2 mg brexpiprazole that was greater than an antidepressant plus placebo (p<0.001)The second pivotal phase III study was a three-arm study in which approximately 675 patients were randomized to treatment with an antidepressant plus either placebo, 1 mg brexpiprazole or 3 mg brexpiprazole.v Patients in both brexpiprazole treatment groups showed greater improvement in symptoms as measured by the MADRS compared to placebo (1 mg p>0.05, 3 mg p<0.05). Results of the second pivotal phase III study in MDD have not yet been published.
    The first clinical phase IIvi study randomized approximately 425 patients in four arms and was presented at the 164th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association in May 2011. Patients exhibited greater improvements than adjunctive placebo in MADRS Total score with the 1.5 (±0.5) mg/day dose of brexpiprazole after six weeks of treatment (p
    About brexpiprazole (OPC-34712)Brexpiprazole is a novel investigational psychotropic compound discovered by Otsuka and under co-development with Lundbeck. Brexpiprazole is a serotonin-dopamine activity modulator (SDAM) that acts as a partial agonist at 5-HT1A and dopamine D2 receptors at similar potency, and an antagonist at 5-HT2A and noradrenaline alpha1B/2C receptors.

Partnership with Lundbeck

In November 2011, Otsuka and Lundbeck have announced a global alliance.[6] Lundbeck has given Otsuka an upfront payment of $200 million, and the deal includes development, regulatory and sales payments, for a potential total of $1.8 billion. Specifically for OPC-34712, Lundbeck will obtain 50% of net sales in Europe and Canada and 45% of net sales in the US from Otsuka.
The partnership has been presented by Otsuka to its investors as a good fit for several reasons:[7]
  • Geographic strategy: Otsuka in Japan, Asia, US; Lundbeck in Europe, South America and emerging markets
  • Research strategy: Otsuka has knowledge in antipsychotics, Lundbeck in anti-depressant and anxiolytic.
  • CNS strategy: Otsuka has a robust portfolio in next-generation CNS drugs, while Lundbeck covers a wide range of CNS conditions from Alzheimer’s to schizophrenia.
  • Similar corporate culture

Clinical trials

OPC-34712 is currently in clinical trials for adjunctive treatment of MDD, adjunctive treatment of adult ADHD and schizophrenia.[8]

Major depression

Phase II

The Phase 2 multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study randomized 429 adult MDD patients who exhibited an inadequate response to one to three ADTs in the current episode. The study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of OPC-34712 as an adjunctive treatment to standard ADT. The ADTs included in the study were desvenlafaxine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine.[9]

Phase III

A new Phase III study is currently in the recruiting stage: “Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Two Fixed Doses of OPC-34712 as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Adults With Major Depressive Disorder (the Polaris Trial)”.[10] Its goal is “to compare the effect of OPC-34712 to the effect of placebo (an inactive substance) as add on treatment to an assigned FDA approved antidepressant treatment (ADT) in patients with Major Depressive Disorder who demonstrate an incomplete response to a prospective trial of the same assigned FDA approved ADT”. Estimated enrollment is 1250 volunteers.

Adult ADHD

Phase II

  • Study of the Safety and Efficacy of OPC-34712 as a Complementary Therapy in the Treatment of Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (STEP-A)[11] The company did not move the product to Phase III, and it is presumed this drug failed Phase II trials for the disorder.

Schizophrenia

Phase I

  • Trial to Evaluate the Effects of OPC-34712 on QT/QTc in Subjects With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder[12]

Phase II

  • A Dose-finding Trial of OPC-34712 in Patients With Schizophrenia[13]

Phase III

  • Efficacy Study of OPC-34712 in Adults With Acute Schizophrenia (BEACON)[14]
  • Safety and Tolerability Study of Oral OPC-34712 as Maintenance Treatment in Adults With Schizophrenia (ZENITH)[15]
  • Study of the Effectiveness of Three Different Doses of OPC-34712 in the Treatment of Adults With Acute Schizophrenia (VECTOR)[16]
  • A Long-term Trial of OPC-34712 in Patients With Schizophrenia[17]

Conferences

  • Phase II results were presented at the American Psychiatric Association’s 2011 annual meeting in May 2011.[18]
  • The drug has been presented at the 2nd Congress of Asian College of Neuropsychopharmacology[19] in September 2011.
  • At the US Psychiatric and Mental Health Congress in November 2011 in Vegas, Robert McQuade presented the Phase II Trial results for Schizophrenia[20]

Side effects

The most common adverse events associated with OPC-34712 (all doses of OPC-34712 cumulatively greater than or equal to 5 percent vs. placebo) were upper respiratory tract infection (6.9% vs. 4.8%), akathisia (6.6% vs. 3.2%), weight gain (6.3% vs. 0.8%), and nasopharyngitis (5.0% vs. 1.6%).[21]

Drug interactions

Based on information given on the consent forms, it seems OPC-34712 is a substrate of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, like its predecessor Aripiprazole. Participants in the clinical trials are advised to avoid grapefruit, Seville oranges and related citruses.

Pharmacology

Brexpiprazole acts as a partial agonist of the 5-HT1A, D2, and D3 receptors, and as an antagonist of the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, 5-HT7, α1A, α1B, α1D, and α2C-adrenergic, and H1receptors.[22] It has negligible affinity for the mACh receptors.[22]

Dosage

  • As an adjunct to standard antidepressant therapy in adult patients with major depressive disorder:
    • Phase II trials: 1.5 ± 0.5 mg.
    • Phase III trials: 1 or 3 mg depending on group.[10]
  • For schizophrenic/schizoaffective subjects, dosage is 4 or 12 mg.[23]
  • For ADHD, the dose was thought to be 0.25 to 2 mg/day.[11]

Patents

  • U.S. Patent 8,071,600
  • WIPO PCT/JP2006/317704
  • Canadian patent: 2620688[24]
  • WO 2013162046
  • WO 2013161830
  •  WO 2013162048
  • WO 2013015456
  • JP 2008115172
  • WO 2006112464
Patent Submitted Granted
PIPERAZINE-SUBSTITUTED BENZOTHIOPHENES FOR TREATMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS [US2011152286] 2011-06-23
Piperazine-substituted benzothiophenes for treatment of mental disorders [US7888362] 2010-07-15 2011-02-15

Synthesis

WO 2013015456
IN THIS BELOW PIC WE SEE
click on pics below to view
Synthesis of A
1 BROMO 4 CHLORO BUTANE WAS REACTED WITH 7 HYDROXY 1H QUINOLINE -2-ONE TO GIVE A
7 ( 4 CHLORO BUTOXY)-1H -QUINOLINE-2-ONE, WHICH WILL BE USED FOR COUPLING AT LAST STAGE
1 BROMO 4 CHLORO BUTANE
WP_000310
IN THE BELOW PIC  2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde AND RHODANINE WERE REACTED TO GIVE 2,6-dichlorobenzylidenerhodanine.
2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde
RHODANINE
NEXT WAS
2,6-dichlorobenzylidenerhodanine, GAVE (Z)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-mercapto-2-propenoic acid.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) d
ppm; 7.23-7.67 (4H, m), 3.5-5.7 (1H, br.), 11.7-14.5 (1H, br.).
Next was prepration of K salt
(Z)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl-2-mercapto-2-propenoic acid and  potassium hydroxide gave ((Z)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl-2-mercapto-2-propenoic acid potassium salt).
Next stage
((Z)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl-2-mercapto-2-propenoic acid potassium
salt) GAVE  2-carboxy-4-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene.
Yield: 48.8 g. 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) d ppm; 7.53 (1H, t, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.7, 1.3
Hz), 8.03 (1H, d, J = 0.5 Hz), 8.07 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
NEXT IS DECARBOXYLATION
A mixture of 2-carboxy-4-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and 1,8-
diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene GAVE  compound. 4-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene.  1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) d ppm; 7.38 (1H, t, J = 8.4
Hz), 7.51 (1H, dd, J = 5.5, 0.8 Hz), 7.48 (1H, dd, J = 7.7, 0.9 Hz), 7.94 (1H, dd, J = 5.5, 0.4
Hz), 8.02 (1H, dt, J = 8.0, 0.9 Hz).

Suzhou, Jiangsu

 Image result for Suzhou, Jiangsu

Map of suzhou .

Monday 27 April 2015

Tazemetostat


     

Tazemetostat  

Current developer: Epizyme, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139.
EPZ-6438 (Tazemetostat) 
CAS: 1403254-99-8
Chemical Formula: C34H44N4O4 
Exact Mass: 572.33626
N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxamide SIMLES: O=C(C1=CC(C2=CC=C(CN3CCOCC3)C=C2)=CC(N(CC)C4CCOCC4)=C1C)NCC5=C(C)C=C(C)NC5=O

(1,1'-Biphenyl)-3-carboxamide, N-((1,2-dihydro-4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinyl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-
N-((4,6-Dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(oxan-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-((morpholin-4-yl)methyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-carboxamide
UNII-Q40W93WPE1

WO 2012142504 PRODUCT PAT
SEE Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2013), 
110(19), 7922-7927, S7922/1-S7922/5....http://www.pnas.org/content/110/19/7922.abstract
2D chemical structure of 1403254-99-8
Tazemetostat, also known as EPZ-6438, is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of EZH2 enzymatic activity. EPZ-6438 induces apoptosis and differentiation specifically in SMARCB1-deleted MRT cells. Treatment of xenograft-bearing mice with EPZ-6438 leads to dose-dependent regression of MRTs with correlative diminution of intratumoral trimethylation levels of lysine 27 on histone H3, and prevention of tumor regrowth after dosing cessation. These data demonstrate the dependency of SMARCB1 mutant MRTs on EZH2 enzymatic activity and portend the utility of EZH2-targeted drugs for the treatment of these genetically defined cancers. EPZ-6438 is currently in clinical trials.  
Epizyme, Inc., Eisai R&D Management Co.Ltd.
Epizyme is developing tazemetostat, a lead from several small molecule EZH2 inhibitors, for treating cancer (phase 1 clinical, as of April 2015). Japanese licensee Eisai was developing the program for the potential oral treatment of cancers, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; however, in March 2015, Epizyme regained worldwide, ex-Japan, rights to the program. It appeared that Eisai was planning to investigate the program in Japan . WO-2015057859 From, Eisai Research Institute; Epizyme Inc, indicates Novel crystalline polymorphic form C of tazemetostat, useful for treating an EZH2-mediated cancer, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and breast cancer. see WO2013155317, claiming novel hydrobromide salt of tazemetostat.

 PREDICT TAZ 1H NMR TAZ 13 TAZ 13 2




........................................


 PATENT WO 2012142504


 http://www.google.com/patents/WO2012142504A1?cl=en  


 Example 44: Synthesis of N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l ,2-dihydropyridin-3- yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(moφholinomethyl)-[l , - biphenyl]-3-carboxamide
Compound 44 [Step 1 : Synthesis of 5-brom -2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid
To stirred solution of 2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid ( 100 g, 552 mmol) in cone. H2S04 (400 mL), 1 ,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione (88 g, 308 mmol) was added in a portion wise manner at room temperature and the reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was poured onto ice cold water, the precipitated solid was filtered off, washed with water and dried under vacuum to afford the desired compound as a solid ( 140 g, 98%). The isolated compound was taken directly into the next step. Ή NMR (DMSO-4$, 400 MHz) δ 8.31 (s, 1 H), 8.17 (s, 1 H), 2.43 (s, 3H). Step 2: Synthesis of methyl -bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate
To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid (285 g, 1 105 mmol) in DMF (2.8L) at room temperature was added sodium carbonate (468 g, 4415 mmol) followed by addition of methyl iodide (626.6 g, 4415 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 60 °C for 8 h. After completion (monitored by TLC), the reaction mixture was filtered (to remove sodium carbonate) and washed with ethyl acetate ( 1 L X 3). The combined filtrate was washed with water (3L X 5) and the aqueous phase was back extracted with ethyl acetate (1L X 3). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (290g, 97% yield). The isolated compound was taken directly into the next step. Ή NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H). Step 3: Synthesis of methyl 3-amino-5-bromo-2-methylbenzoate
To a stirred solution of methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate (290 g, 1058 mmol) in ethanol (1 .5L) was added aqueous ammonium chloride (283 g, 5290 mmol dissolved in 1.5L water). The resulting mixture was stirred at 80°C to which iron powder (472 g, 8451 mmol) was added in a portion wise manner. The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 80 °C for 12 h. Upon completion as determined by TLC, the reaction mixture was hot filtered over celite® and the celite bed was washed with methanol (5L) followed by washing with 30% MeOH in DCM (5L). The combined filtrate was concentrated in-vacuo, the residue obtained was diluted with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2L) and extracted with ethyl acetate (5L X 3). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (220 g, 85%). The compound was taken directly into the next step. Ή NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 7.37 (s, 1 H), 6.92 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.80 (bs, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H). Step 4: Synthesis of methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino) benzoate
To a stirred solution of methyl 3-amino-5-bromo-2-methylbenzoate (15 g, 61 .5 mmol) and dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3)-one (9.2 g, 92 mmol) in dichloroethane (300 mL) was added acetic acid (22 g, 369 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, then the reaction mixture was cooled to 0°C and sodium triacetoxyborohydnde (39 g, 184 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Upon completion of the reaction as determined by TLC, aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture until a pH of 7-8 was obtained. The organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.

The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh silica gel) eluting with ethyl acetate: hexane to afford the desired compound as a solid ( 14 g, 69%). 'H NMR (DMSO-<fc, 400 MHz) δ 7.01 (s, 1 H), 6.98 (s, 1 H), 5.00 (d, 1 H, J=7.6 Hz), 3.84-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.79 (s, 31 1), 3.54-3.56 (mf 1 H), 3.43 (L 21 1, J 12 Hz), 2.14 (s. 31 1). 1 . 1 - 1 .84 (m: 211). 1 .47- 1 .55 (m, 2H). Step 5: Synthesis of methyl 5-bromo-3-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino)-2- methylbenzoate
To a stirred solution of methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino) benzoate (14 g, 42.7 mmol) in dichloroethane (150 mL) was added acetaldehyde (3.75 g, 85.2 mmol) and acetic acid ( 15.3 g, 256 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was cooled to 0 °C and sodium triacetoxyborohydnde (27 g, 128 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Upon completion of the reaction as determined by TLC, aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture until a pH 7-8 was obtained, the organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.

 The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (100- 200 mesh silica gel) eluting with ethyl acetate: hexane to afford the desired compound as a viscous liquid (14 g, 93%). Ή NMR (DMSO-cfo 400 MHz) δ 7.62 (s, 1 H), 7.52 (s, 1 H), 3.80 (bs, 5H), 3.31 (t, 2H), 2.97-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.96 (m, 1 H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 1.52-1.61 (m, 2H), 1 .37-1.50 (m, 2H), 0.87 (t, 3H, J=6.8 Hz). Step 6: Synthesis of 5-bromo-N-((4, 6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l , 2-dihydropyridin-3-yl) methyl)-3 -(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyra -4-yl) amino)-2-methylbenzamide
To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-3-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino)-2- methylbenzoate (14 g, 39.4 mmol) in ethanol ( 100 mL) was added aqueous NaOH (2.36 g, 59.2 mmol in 25mL water) and the resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 1 h. Upon completion of the reaction as determined by TLC, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was acidified with IN HC1 until a pH 7 was obtained and then aqueous citric acid solution was added until a pH 5-6 was obtained. The aqueous layer was extracted with 10% MeOH in DCM (200mL X 3), the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the respective acid (14 g, 100%). The above acid (14 g, 40.9 mmol) was then dissolved in DMSO (70 mL) and 3- (amino methyl)-4, 6-dimethylpyridin-2( l H)-one ( 12.4 g, 81 .9 mmol) was added to it. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, then PYBOP (31.9 g, 61.4 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for overnight at room temperature. Upon completion of the reaction as determined by TLC, the reaction mixture was poured onto ice- cold water (700 mL), stirred for 30 minutes and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (500 mL) and air dried.

The solid obtained was stirred with acetonitrile (75mL X 2), filtered and air dried. The solid obtained was again stirred with 5% MeOH in DCM ( l OOmL), filtered and dried completely under vacuum to afford the title compound as a solid ( 14 g, 74 %). Ή NMR (DMSO- 6, 400 MHz) δ 1 1.47 (s, 1 H), 8.23 (t, 1 H), 7.30 (s, 1 H), 7.08 (s, 1 H), 5.85 (s, 1 H), 4.23 (d, 2H, J=4.4 Hz), 3.81 (d, 2H, J=l 0.4 Hz), 3.20-3.26 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.07 (m, I H), 2.91 -2.96 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.14 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.58-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.50 (m, 2H), 0.78 (t, 3H, J=6.8 Hz). Step 7: Synthesis of N-((4, 6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l , 2-dihydropyridin-3-yl) methyl)-5- (ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[l , l '-biphenyl]-3- carboxamide
Figure imgf000226_0001 TITLE COMPD
To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-N-((4, 6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l , 2-dihydropyridin-3-yl) methyl)-3-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino)-2-methylbenzamide (14 g, 29.5 mmol) in dioxane/ water mixture (70 mL/ 14 mL) was added 4-(4-(4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl- l , 3, 2- dioxaborolan-2-yl) benzyl) morpholine (13.4 g, 44.2 mmol) followed by addition of Na2C03 (1 1 .2 g, 106.1 mmol). The solution was purged with argon for 15 minutes and then Pd (PPh3)4 (3.40 g, 2.94 mmol) was added and the solution was again purged with argon for a further 10 min. The reaction mixture was heated at 100°C for 4 h. After completion (monitored by TLC), the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with 10% MeOH/DCM. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (100- 200 mesh silica gel) eluting with methanol: DCM to the title compound as a solid (12 g, 71 %).  

Analytical Data: LCMS: 573.35 (M + 1 )+; HPLC: 99.5% (@ 254 nm) (R,;3.999; Method: Column: YMC ODS-A 1 50 mm x 4.6 mm x 5 μ; Mobile Phase: A; 0.05% TFA in water/ B; 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile; Inj. Vol : 10 μΐ, Col. Temp.: 30 °C; Flow rate: 1 .4 mL/min.; Gradient: 5% B to 95% B in 8 min, Hold for 1 .5 min, 9.51 -12 min 5% B);  

Ή NMR (DMSO-i 6, 400 MHz) 5 1 1 .46 (s, I H), 8. 19 (t, 1 H), 7.57 (d, 2H, J=7.2 Hz), 7.36-7.39 (m, 3H), 7.21 (s, I H), 5.85 (s, I H), 4.28 (d, 2H, J=2.8 Hz), 3.82 (d, 2H, J=9.6 Hz), 3.57 (bs, 4H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 3.24 (t, 2H, J=10.8Hz), 3.07-3.09 (m, 2H), 3.01 (m, I H), 2.36 (m, 4H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1 .64-1 .67 (m, 2H), 1 .51 - 1 .53 (m, 2H), 0.83 (t, 3H, J=6.4 Hz).  

TRIHYDROCHLORIDE Step 8: Synthesis of N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l ,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5- (ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[ 1 , 1 '-biphenyl]-3- carboxamide trihydrochloride  
N-((4, 6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l , 2-dihydropyridin-3-yl) methyl)-5-(ethyl (tetrahydro- 21 l-pyran-4-yl) amino)-4-methyI-4'-(niorpholinornethyl)-[ 1 , 1 '-biphenyl]-3-carboxamide ( 12 g, 21.0 mmol) was dissolved in methanolic HC1 (200 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 3 h. After three hours of stirring, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The solid obtained was stirred with ether ( l OOmL X 2) to afford the desired salt as a solid ( 1 1 g, 77 %).  

Analytical Data of the tri-HCl salt: LCMS: 573.40 (M + 1 )+; HPLC: 99.1 % (@ 254 nm) (R,;3.961 ; Method: Column: YMC ODS-A 150 mm x 4.6 mm x 5 μ; Mobile Phase: A; 0.05% TFA in water/ B; 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile; Inj. Vol: 10 pL, Col. Temp.: 30 °C; Flow rate: 1.4 mL/min.; Gradient: 5% B to 95% B in 8 min, Hold for 1.5 min, 9.51 -12 min 5% B);

  Ή NMR (D20 400 MHz) δ 7.92 (bs, I H,) 7.80 (s, I H), 7.77 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.63 (s, I H), 7.61 (s, I H), 6.30 (s, I H), 4.48 (s, 2H), 4.42 (s, 2H), 4.09-4.1 1 (m, 4H), 3.95-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.77 (t, 3H, J=10.4 Hz), 3.44-3.47 (m, 3H), 3.24-3.32 (m, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.01 (m, 2H), 1 .76 (m, 2H), 1 .04 (t, 3H, J=6.8 Hz).

................................................

PATENT WO2013155317
  http://www.google.com/patents/WO2013155317A1?cl=en

N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3- yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'- biphenyl] -3-carboxamide hydrobromide:
N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'-biphenyl]-3- carboxamide hydrobromide:
As used herein, "Compound I" refers to N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3- yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'- biphenyl]-3-carboxamide. The hydrobromide of Compound I can be used to inhibit the histone methyltransferase activity of EZH2, either in a subject or in vitro. The hydrobromide of Compound I can also be used to treat cancer in a subject in need thereof.
  Scheme 1


............................................
Compound I Compound I - HBr   HPLC HPLC was conducted on an Agilent 1200 HPLC quaternary pump, low pressure mixing, with an in-line degasser. Analytical method conditions: 8 μΐ^ sample (20 mg of ER-581982-06 diluted with 50 mL of a methanol to provide approximately 0.4 mg/mL solution) was injected onto a Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 x 150 mm, 3.5 um), Chromatography conditions: mobile phase A, water with 5mM ammonium formate; mobile phase B, 5 mM ammonium formate in 50/45/5 acetonitrile/methanol/water; flow rate, 1.5 ml/min.; gradient: isocratic at 10% B from 0 to 3 min; linear increase to 70% B from 3 to 7 min; isocratic at 70% B from 7 to 12 min; linear increase to 100% B from 12 to 15 min isocratic at 100% B from 15 to 20 min; column temperature, 35 °C; detection, UV 230 nm. Approximate retention time of Compound I = 10.7 min. Synthesis of Polymorph A
5-bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid stirred solution of 2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid (100 g, 552 mmol) in cone. H2S04 (400 mL), l,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,4- imidazolidinedione (88 g, 308 mmol) was added in a portion wise manner at room temperature and the reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was poured onto ice cold water, the precipitated solid was filtered off, washed with water and dried under vacuum to afford the desired compound as a solid (140 g, 98%). The isolated compound was taken directly into the next step. 1H NMR (DMSO-J6, 400 MHz) δ 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H).
Methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-2- methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid (285 g, 1105 mmol) in DMF (2.8L) at room temperature was added sodium carbonate (468 g, 4415 mmol) followed by addition of methyl iodide (626.6 g, 4415 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 60 °C for 8 h. After completion (monitored by TLC), the reaction mixture was filtered (to remove sodium carbonate) and washed with ethyl acetate (1L X 3). The combined filtrate was washed with water (3L X 5) and the aqueous phase was back extracted with ethyl acetate (1L X 3). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (290g, 97% yield). The isolated compound was taken directly into the next step. 1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H).
Methyl 3-amino-5-bromo-2-methylbenzoate (1) To a stirred solution of methyl 5- bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate (290 g, 1058 mmol) in ethanol (1.5L) was added aqueous ammonium chloride (283 g, 5290 mmol dissolved in 1.5L water). The resulting mixture was stirred at 80°C to which iron powder (472 g, 8451 mmol) was added in a portion wise manner. The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 80 °C for 12 h. Upon completion as determined by TLC, the reaction mixture was hot filtered over celite® and the celite bed was washed with methanol (5L) followed by washing with 30% MeOH in DCM (5L). The combined filtrate was concentrated in- vacuo, the residue obtained was diluted with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2L) and extracted with ethyl acetate (5L X 3). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as a solid (220 g, 85%). The compound was taken directly into the next step. 1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.37 (s, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.80 (bs, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H).
Methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino) benzoate (2) A reactor was charged with methyl 3-amino-5-bromo-2-methylbenzoate (455.8 g, 1.87 mol), 1,2- Dichloroethane (4.56 L), and acetic acid (535 ml, 9.34 mol). To the mixture were added dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (280 g, 2.80 mol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (594 g, 2.80 mol) maintaining the internal temperature below 40 °C. The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 2.5 h and then the reaction was quenched with a solution of sodium hydroxide (448 g, 11.20 mol) in water (5.61 L). After stirring for 20 minutes at ambient temperature, the organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3.65 L). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (1.5 L), and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was treated with ethyl acetate (1.8 L) and heated to 65-70 °C. The mixture was stirred at 65-70 °C for 15 minutes to give a clear solution and then treated with n-heptane (7.3 L) maintaining the temperature between 60-70 °C.

Once the heptane was completely added to the solution, the mixture was held at 65-70 °C for 15 minutes and then allowed to cool to 18- 22 °C over 3 h. The resulting suspension was stirred at 18-22 °C for 4 h, cooled to 0-5 °C over 1 h, and held at 0-5 °C for 2 h. The precipitate was filtered, washed twice with n-heptane (1.4 L), and dried under vacuum to give the title compound (540 g, 88%). The XRPD pattern of this compound is shown in Figure 17.
Methyl 5-bromo-3-(ethyl (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino)-2-methylbenzoate (3) To a stirred solution of methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) amino) benzoate (14 g, 42.7 mmol) in dichloroethane (150 mL) was added acetaldehyde (3.75 g, 85.2 mmol) and acetic acid (15.3 g, 256 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was cooled to 0 °C and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (27 g, 128 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours.

Upon completion of the reaction as determined by TLC, aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture until a pH 7-8 was obtained, the organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh silica gel) eluting with ethyl acetate: hexane to afford the desired compound as a viscous liquid (14 g, 93%). 1H NMR DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 3.80 (bs, 5H), 3.31 (t, 2H), 2.97-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.96 (m, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 1.52-1.61 (m, 2H), 1.37-1.50 (m, 2H), 0.87 (t, 3H, J=6.8 Hz).
Methyl 5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)- [l,l'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylate (4): A mixture of methyl 5-bromo-3-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl)amino)-2-methylbenzoate (580 g, 1.63 mol), 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan- 2-yl)benzyl)morpholine (592 g, 1.95 mol), 1,4-dioxane (3.86 L), sodium carbonate (618 g, 5.83 mol), and water (771 ml) was degassed by bubbling nitrogen through the mixture at 20 °C for 20 minutes and treated with tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (14.11 g, 12.21 mmol). The resulting mixture was degassed for an additional 20 minutes and then heated to 87-89 °C for 17 h. After cooling to 20 °C, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (5.80 L) and a solution of (R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid (232 g) in water (2.320 L).

After stirring for 1 h at 20 °C, the organic layer was separated and washed again with a solution of (R)-2-Amino-3- mercaptopropionic acid (232 g) in water (2.320 L). The aqueous layers were combined and extracted with ethyl acetate (5.80 L). The organic layers were combined, washed with a solution of sodium hydroxide (93 g) in water (2.32 L), and concentrated under vacuum at 35 °C to give the title compound as an orange oil (1.21 kg, 164% yield).
5-(Ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'- biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid (5): Methyl 5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'- (morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylate (69.0 g, 152.5 mmol) (based on the theoretical yield from the previous step) was suspended in ethanol (380 mL) and treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide (24.84 g, 621.0 mmol) in water (207 mL). The mixture was stirred at 40°C for 18 h. After cooling to 0-5 °C, the mixture was neutralized to pH 6.5 with 1 N hydrochloric acid (580 mL) maintaining the temperature below 25 °C. Then, the mixture was extracted twice with a mixture of dichloromethane (690 mL) and methanol (69.0 mL). The organic layers were combined and concentrated under vacuum to give a crude product as a yellow solid (127g). The crude product was dissolved in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (656 mL) at 70 °C and then treated with IPA (828 mL). The mixture was allowed to cool to rt over 3-4 h and then stirred overnight at rt. The precipitate was filtered, washed twice with IPA (207 mL), and dried under vacuum to give the title compound as an off white solid (53.54 g, 80%). The XRPD pattern of this compound is shown in Figure 9.
N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'-biphenyl]-3-carboxamide (Compound I): A mixture of 5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'- (morpholinomethyl)-[l,l'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid (540 g, 1.23 mol) and 3-(aminomethyl)- 4,6-dimethyl-dihydro-pyridin-2(lH)-one hydrochloride (279 g, 1.48 mol) was suspended in DMSO (2.70 L) and treated with triethylamine (223 ml, 1.60 mol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 30 min and treated with EDC-HC1 (354 g, 1.85 mol) and HOBT hydrate (283 g, 1.85 mol).

The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. After addition of triethylamine (292 ml, 2.09 mol), the mixture was cooled to 15 °C, diluted with water (10.1 L) maintaining the temperature below 30 °C, and stirred at 19-25 °C for 4 h. The resulting precipitate was filtered, washed twice with water (2.70 L), and dried under vacuum to give a crude product (695 g, wt-wt analysis = 78%). For the further purification of the product, recrystallization was conducted. A crude product (20.00 g, 34.92 mmol) was suspended in a mixture of ethanol (190 ml) and water (10.00 ml) and heated to 75°C until a clear solution was obtained. The solution was allowed to cool to rt overnight. The precipitate was filtered, washed twice with a mixture of ethanol (30.0 ml) and water (30.0 ml), and dried under vacuum at 35 °C to give the title compound as an off white solid (14.0 g, 70% recovery from the crude and 90% yield based on wt-wt assay).


4-((3'-(((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)carbamoyl)-5'- (ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4'-methyl-[l,l'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)morpholin- 4-ium bromide (Polymorph A): A crude N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3- yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)am biphenyl]-3-carboxamide (595 g, 464 g based on wt-wt assay, 810.3 mmol) was suspended in ethanol (3.33 L). After heating to 70 °C, the mixture was treated with 48% aqueous HBr (97 ml, 850.8 mmol) and stirred at 70 °C for 30 min. The resulting orange-red solution was treated with ethyl acetate (3.33 L) maintaining the temperature above 60 °C. The mixture was slowly cooled to rt over 18 h. The mixture was cooled to 0 °C over 1 h and stirred at that temperature for 5.5 h. The resulting precipitate was filtered, washed twice with ethyl acetate (1.39 L), and dried under vacuum to give the title compound as an off white solid (515 g, 97% yield). Recrystallization of Polymorph A: 4-((3'-(((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-l,2-dihydropyridin-3- yl)methyl)carbamoyl)-5'-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4'-methyl-[l,l'-biphenyl]-4- yl)methyl)morpholin-4-ium bromide (0.50 g, 0.77 mmol; 95.6% pure by HPLC) was suspended in ethanol (3.0 mL) and heated to 80 °C until a clear solution was obtained. To the solution was added MTBE (5.0 mL) slowly. The resulting solution was allowed to cool to 18-22 °C over 3 h and stirred at 18-22 °C for 15 h. The precipitate was filtered, washed twice with MTBE (2 mL) and dried under vacuum to give 0.45 g of the title compound (89% recovery, 96.6% pure by HPLC). Compound I is protonated at the nitrogen of the morpholino substituent, providing a monohydrobromide of Compound I having the following structure:
This particular monohydrobromide can be referred to as "4-((3'-(((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo- l,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)carbamoyl)-5'-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4'- methyl-[l, -biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)morpholin-4-ium bromide." Figure 11 depicts the X-ray crystal structure of this particular salt form. .................................................................... see WO-2015057859 Eisai Research Institute; Epizyme Inc Novel crystalline polymorphic form C of tazemetostat, useful for treating an EZH2-mediated cancer, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and breast cancer.   ..................... PAPER RSC Advances (2015), 5(33), 25967-25978 http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/ra/c5ra02365c#!divAbstract
RSC Adv., 2015,5, 25967-25978,
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA02365C The histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2 has been implicated as a key component in cancer aggressiveness, metastasis and poor prognosis. This study discovered a new class of hexahydroisoquinolin derivatives as EZH2 inhibitors. A structure–activity relationship study showed that the steric hindrance was important to the activity for EZH2. A preliminary optimization study led to the discovery of several potent compounds with low nanomolar to sub-nanomolar potency for EZH2. Biological evaluation indicated that SKLB1049 was a highly potent with improved solubility compared to EPZ6438, SAM-competitive, and cell-active EZH2 inhibitor that decreased global H3K27me3 in SU-DHL-6 and Pfeiffer lymphoma cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Further study indicated that SKLB1049 caused cell arrest in G0/G1 phase. These compounds would be useful as chemical tools to further explore the biology of EZH2 and provided us with a start point to develop new EZH2 inhibitors.  
Graphical abstract: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1-methyl-3-oxo-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydroisoquinolins as potential EZH2 inhibitors
             


In vitro protocol:
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 May 7;110(19):7922-7.
In vivo protocol:
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 May 7;110(19):7922-7.


References
1: Knutson SK, Warholic NM, Johnston LD, Klaus CR, Wigle TJ, Iwanowicz D, Littlefield BA, Porter-Scott M, Smith JJ, Moyer MP, Copeland RA, Pollock RM, Kuntz KW, Raimondi A, Keilhack H. Synergistic Anti-Tumor Activity of EZH2 Inhibitors and Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists in Models of Germinal Center Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 10;9(12):e111840. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111840. eCollection 2014. PubMed PMID: 25493630; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4262195.
2: Knutson SK, Kawano S, Minoshima Y, Warholic NM, Huang KC, Xiao Y, Kadowaki T, Uesugi M, Kuznetsov G, Kumar N, Wigle TJ, Klaus CR, Allain CJ, Raimondi A, Waters NJ, Smith JJ, Porter-Scott M, Chesworth R, Moyer MP, Copeland RA, Richon VM, Uenaka T, Pollock RM, Kuntz KW, Yokoi A, Keilhack H. Selective inhibition of EZH2 by EPZ-6438 leads to potent antitumor activity in EZH2-mutant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Mol Cancer Ther. 2014 Apr;13(4):842-54. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-13-0773. Epub 2014 Feb 21. PubMed PMID: 24563539
3. Inhibitors of human histone methyltransferase EZH2, and methods of use thereof for treating cancer. By Kuntz, Kevin W.; Knutson, Sarah K.; Wigle, Timothy James Nelson . From U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2013), US 20130040906 A1 20130214.
4. Aryl-or heteroaryl-substituted benzamide compounds as anticancer agents and their preparation By Kuntz, Kevin Wayne; Chesworth, Richard; Duncan, Kenneth William; Keilhack, Heike; Warholic, Natalie; Klaus, Christine; Zheng, Wanjun; Seki, Masashi; Shirotori, Syuji; Kawano, Satoshi From PCT Int. Appl. (2012), WO 2012142504 A1 20121018.
5: Knutson SK, Warholic NM, Wigle TJ, Klaus CR, Allain CJ, Raimondi A, Porter Scott M, Chesworth R, Moyer MP, Copeland RA, Richon VM, Pollock RM, Kuntz KW, Keilhack H. Durable tumor regression in genetically altered malignant rhabdoid tumors by inhibition of methyltransferase EZH2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 May 7;110(19):7922-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1303800110. Epub 2013 Apr 25. PubMed PMID: 23620515; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3651445.


 
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About EPZ-­‐6438 Epizyme is developing EPZ-­‐6438, a small molecule inhibitor of EZH2 created with our
proprietary product platform, for the treatment of non-­‐Hodgkin lymphoma patients and patients with INI1-­‐deficient solid tumors. In many human cancers, misregulated EZH2 enzyme activity results in misregulation of genes that control cell proliferation—without these control mechanisms, cancer cells are free to grow

About Epizyme, Inc.
Epizyme, Inc. is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company creating novel epigenetic therapeutics for cancer patients.
Epizyme has built a proprietary product platform that the company uses to create small molecule inhibitors of a 96 member class of enzymes known as histone methyltransferases, or HMTs. HMTs are part of the system of gene regulation, referred
to as epigenetics, that controls gene expression. Genetic alterations can result in changes to
the activity of HMTs, making them oncogenic (cancer -­‐causing). By focusing on the genetic drivers of cancers, Epizyme's targeted science seeks to match the right medicines with the right patients.
Epizyme®, Inc. 400 Technology Square, 4th Floor Cambridge, MA 02139 Phone: (617) 229-5872 Fax: (617) 349-0707 contact@Epizyme.com
 
Victoria Richon, vice president of biological sciences, Epizyme Inc.
  Jason Rhodes (left) has been appointed to president of Epizyme Inc., 100 Technology Square    
Central Square - The square - Cambridge, MA, United States






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