ETHYL ACETATE THE BASIC NMR LEARNING TOOL

ETHYL ACETATE



1H NMR



The ethyl acetate spectrum displays the typical quartet and triplet of a substituted ethyl group.











13CNMR
proton-decoupled13C-NMR spectrum of ethyl acetate, showing the expected four signals, one for each of the carbons.

Telmisartan Part 1/3

TELMISARTAN

Telmisartan
CAS No.:	144701-48-4
Synonyms:	TELMISARTAN;
Formula:	C33H30N4O2
Exact Mass:	514.23700

1H NMR PREDICT

13C NNMR

COSY PREDICT

PAPER

Efficient and improved synthesis of Telmisartan

A. Sanjeev Kumar, Samir Ghosh and G. N. Mehta

Applied Chemistry Department, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat-395 007, India

Associate Editor: J. A. Porco Jr.

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 25.

 http://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjoc/single/articleFullText.htm?publicId=1860-5397-6-25


(lit mp 260–262 °C);
 LIT......  Reddy, K. S.; Srinivasan, N.; Reddy, C. R.; Kolla, N.; Anjaneyulu, Y.; Venkatraman, S.; Bhattacharya, A.; Mathad, V. T. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2007, 11, 81–85. doi:10.1021/op060200g


 IR (KBr, cm^-1) 2300–3500 (broad), 1680 (C=O); 

HRMS m/z calculated for C₃₃H₃₀N₄O₂ – 515.6169 [M + 1], found – 515.6192; 


 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) (δ ppm): 12.8 (1H, s, -COOH), 8.42 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 8.02 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.50–7.26 (8H, m, ArH), 7.20 (2H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.05 (1H, s, ArH), 6.96 (1H, s, ArH), 5.42 (2H, s, -CH₂), 3.82 (3H, s, -CH₃), 2.97 (2H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, -CH₂), 2.74 (3H, s, -CH₃), 1.92 (2H, m, J = 7.6 Hz, -CH₂), 1.04 (3H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, -CH₃); 



 ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) (δ ppm): 13.5, 16.7, 20.6, 27.6, 32.7, 47.1, 51.7, 112.0, 112.7, 114.7, 118.6, 125.3, 125.7, 125.8, 127.0, 127.4, 128.6, 129.3, 130.4, 130.6, 131.5, 132.3, 133.1, 133.2, 133.7, 134.5, 140.2, 140.5, 150.2, 157.3, 168.1.



Second set


An improved synthesis of Telmisartan: an antihypertensive drug 

A. Sanjeev Kumar, Samir Ghosh, R. Soundararajan,* and G. N. Mehta 


Chemistry Section, Applied Sciences and Humanities Department, SVNIT, Surat-395 007, India

General Papers ARKIVOC 2009 (x) 247-254 

http://www.arkat-usa.org/get-file/28995/

melting point: 260-262
°C (lit---Venkataraman, S.; Mathad, V. T.; Kikkuru, S. R.; Neti, S.; Chinta, R. R.; Apuraba, B.;
Anjaneyulu,Y.; Naveenkumar, K. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2007, 11, 81.
 mp 260-262 °C);

IR (KBr, cm-1) 2300-3500 (broad), 1680 (C=O);

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) (δ ppm): 12.8 (1H, s, -COOH), 8.42 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 8.02 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz,
ArH), 7.50-7.26 (8H, m, ArH), 7.20 (2H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, ArH), 7.05 (1H, s, ArH), 6.96 (1H, s,
ArH), 5.42 (2H, s, -CH2), 3.82 (3H, s, -CH3), 2.97 (2H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, -CH2), 2.74 (3H, s, -CH3),
1.92 (2H, m, J = 7.6 Hz, -CH2), 1.04 (3H, t, J = 7.6 Hz, -CH3);

13C NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6)
(δ ppm): 13.5, 16.7, 20.6, 27.6, 32.7, 47.1, 51.7, 112.0, 112.7, 114.7, 118.6, 125.3, 125.7, 125.8,
127.0, 127.4, 128.6, 129.3, 130.4, 130.6, 131.5, 132.3, 133.1, 133.2, 133.7, 134.5, 140.2, 140.5,
150.2, 157.3, 168.1;

 MS (m/z): 515 [M+ + 1];
Anal. Calcd for C33H30N4O2: C, 77.02; H, 5.88; N,
10.89; O, 6.22. Found: C, 77.0; H, 5.82; N, 10.86.


..................................................

crystals and other data
http://ccp14.chem.ucl.ac.uk/ccp/web-mirrors/pssp/pdf/telmisartan.pdf

http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/aasr-vol2-iss5/AASR-2010-2-5-135-141.pdf





.............................................

An Improved, Scalable and Cost Effective One-Pot Synthesis of
Telmisartan
Premchand B. Patil1*
, Anand Pandey1
, Devanand B. Shinde2and Bhata R. Chaudhari1*

1Organic Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, JET’s Z. B. PatilCollege,
Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
2Department of Chemical Technology Dr. BabasahebAmbedkarMarathwadaUniversity,
Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMA AND BIOMED SCIENCES
Vol. 4 (1) Jan– Mar 2013

1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 0.98-1.03 (t,3H), 1.73-
1.86 (m, 2H), 2.5 - 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.90-2.95 (s,
2H),3.82 (s, 3H), 5.62 (s, 2H), 7.16-7.34 (m,7H),
7.40-7.59 (m,4H), 7.68-7.70 (m, 3H), 12.86 (s,
1H).
M/Z: 515.50 [M + H]+

http://www.ijrpbsonline.com/files/48-4186.pdf

......................................
PATENT
EP 2 149 566 A1
https://data.epo.org/publication-server/pdf-document?pn=2149566&ki=A1&cc=EP
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 7.65-7.70 (m, 3H), 7.40-7.56 (m, 4H), 7.15-7.32 (m, 7H), 5.60 (s, 2H), 3.80 (s, 3H),
2.91 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 1.80 (m, 2H), 0.98 (m, 2H).
13C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 169.50. 156.19, 154.01, 142.70. 142.35, 140.48, 140.16, 136.60. 135.90. 134.70.
132.29, 130.80. 130.32, 129.08, 128.68, 128.21, 127.28, 126.37, 123.14, 122.06, 121.80. 118.65, 110.37, 109.28, 46.12,
31.74, 28.80. 20.71, 16.43, 13.81







..............................
PAPER

Detection, isolation and characterization of principle synthetic route indicative impurity in telmisartan

• V. Srinivasan^a, b, , , , 
• H. Sivaramakrishnan^b, 
• B. Karthikeyan^c

• ^a Analytical Development Laboratory, Piramal Healthcare Ltd., Ennore, Chennai 600 057, India
• ^b Research and Development Laboratory, Piramal Healthcare Ltd., Ennore, Chennai 600 057, India
• ^c Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, India
• 
  

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Available online 1 April 2012

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535212000688

A sample of telmisartan which was synthesized in our laboratory when subjected to HPLC analysis by chromatographic conditions published in the USP monograph offor telmisartan (USP-NF, 2010), an unknownimpurity at 1.59 RRT was observed to a level of 0.09%. As per regulatory guidelines, it is necessary to know the structure of the impurity to develop a synthetic process to remove the impurity and also the knowledge of the structure and the source of the new impurity areis necessary in order to develop a more robust synthetic process. It is therefore, essential to isolate and characterize unidentified impurities present in the drug sample. The structure elucidation of this impurity is object of this work.

The sample was taken for the isolation of unknown impurity by using preparative HPLC and the isolated impurity was characterized by using MS, NMR and IR. To the best of our knowledge, the impurity detected at 1.59 RRT was established for the first time

Figure 5.

Impurity structure with numbering of C atoms.

NMR Spectral data of Impurity-1:

 ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz), δ (ppm), J (Hz): 3.64 (s, 3H, OCH₃), 6.71 (s, 1H, CHBr₂, 7.36–7.38, (d, J = 8.42, 2H, Ar-H), 7.40–7.43 (t, J = 8.61, 1H, Ar-H), 7.47–7.52 (t, J = 7.69, 1H, Ar-H), 7.58–7.61 (d, J = 6.04, 1H, Ar-H), 7.65–7.68 (d, J = 8.42, 2H, Ar-H) and 7.92–7.95(d, J = 7.69, 1H, Ar-H). 

¹³C-NMR, δ (ppm): 40.77 (–CHBr₂, C-1), 51.92 (–OCH₃, C-15), 126.18 (–CH, C-7&3), 127.62 (–CH, C-11), 128.56 (–CH, C-6&4), 130.02 (–CH, C-10), 130.57 (–C, C-9), 130.63 (–CH, C-13), 131.42 (–CH, C-12), 140.66 (–C, C-2), 141.37 (–C, C-5), 142.97 (–C, C-8) and 168.55 (CO, C-14).

....................


PATENT


17103-26-3;

Adin, Itai; Iustain, Carmen; Brand, Michael; Salman, Ada; Weisman, Alexander Patent: US2006/276525 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 7 ;

Telmisartan (Compound I below), 4′-[2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid, is a non-peptide ATI-subtype angiotensin II receptor antagonist.

Telmisartan is indicated for treatment of hypertension, either alone or in combination with diuretic agents. It is effective in once-daily dosing, so that significant blood-pressure lowering effect is observed even during the last 6 hours of the dosing interval. Telmisartan is marketed in the US as MICARDIS® and MICARDIS-HCT® by Boehringer Ingelheim.

Telmisartan was first described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,591,762 (hereinafter the '762 patent). According to Example 9 of the '762 patent, Telmisartan was crystallized from acetone and the resulting product had a melting point of 261-263° C.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,358,986 (hereinafter the '986 patent) describes two crystalline forms of Telmisartan denoted as forms A and B. It is stated in the '986 patent that the crystals of Telmisartan polymorph A, which is obtainable according to the prior art, have the shape of long needles. As a result of this crystalline shape, the use of Telmisartan polymorph A in large-scale manufacture, purification, isolation and drying of the material is severely limited.

As alleged in the '986 patent, the process for preparing crystalline Telmisartan form A comprises mixing the material with ethanol, adding activated charcoal and aqueous ammonia and mixing for one hour, then filtering to another stirring apparatus and washing with ethanol. The next step is heating to 70-80° C., adding glacial acetic acid and stirring for further 1.5-2 hours at the same temperature, cooling to 0-10° C., stirring for further 2 hours, isolating the product by centrifugation, washing with ethanol then with water and drying at 70-90° C. According to the detailed description given in the '986 patent, in addition to the disadvantageously prolonged drying process of the Telmisartan form A, very hard particles are obtained. The grinding process of these particles produces a dry powder, which has strong tendency to electrostatic charging and which is virtually impossible to pour and manipulate for pharmaceutical preparations. On the other hand, Telmisartan form B is free from the above mentioned limitations. However, the inventors of the '986 patent could not obtain pure, dry form B because upon drying, some of form B transformed into form A. According to the teachings of the '986 patent, mixtures of Telmisartan form A and form B ranging from 90:10 to 60:40 are suitable for industrial scaling-up, and even a content of 10% of form B is sufficient to ensure that the product will have the positive qualities required for large-scale production.

Therefore, as a consequence of the alleged unsuitability of Telmisartan form A for pharmaceutical use, only a mixture of crystalline Telmisartan form A and form B is claimed in the '986 patent, wherein Telmisartan form A is characterized by having an endothermic maximum at 269±2° C., and Telmisartan form B is characterized by having an endothermic maximum at 183±2° C.

Apparently Telmisartan form A is similar to the original form characterized by its melting point in the '762 patent. The differences between the DSC value and the measured melting point may be attributed to the different methodologies used—the DSC maxima can be slightly different than the visually observed melting point.

Differences in physical properties of crystalline materials (such as flowability) may be caused by different production processes for obtaining these crystalline materials.

Hence, the prior art teaches a lengthy, complicated and industrially disadvantageous process for obtaining crystalline Telmisartan form A.

A mixed solvated-hydrated modification form of Telmisartan, designated as form C, is mentioned in an article by Dinnebier et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 89(11), 2000. Telmisartan form C consists of ⅓ mole equivalent of formic acid and ⅔ mole equivalent of water, which is produced by crystallization from mixtures containing formic acid and water. According to the above mentioned publication, drying of form C leads to pure form B (mentioned above). The article mentions detailed crystallographic data of this form as well as of forms A and B.

The re-crystallization of Telmisartan from N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) is mentioned in examples 1-3 of the '986 patent. However, since the product is further processed it is believed by the inventors of the present invention that the Telmisartan which is obtained according to the '986 patent, has some defects. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new process for preparing highly pure Telmisartan form A, which is free-flowing and which does not tend to gain electrostatic charge.

The need to further reprocess the re-crystallized Telmisartan, as taught in the examples of the '986 patent, shows that the product was not highly-pure and/or that it contained residual solvents, because the solvents used therein have high boiling point. By precipitating Telmisartan from an aqueous solution containing acetic acid, as detailed herein, highly pure Telmisartan form A is obtained in high yield e.g., 93%. The obtained Telmisartan form A has low content of residual solvents and is characterized by having a different crystal shape than needles, namely a bulky shape.

HPLC Analysis:

Column: Inertsil ODS-3, 5μ, 250×4.6 mm (GL Sciences Cat. No.: 5020-01732). Mobile phase: 70% methanol and 30% water containing 10 ml triethylamine per 1.0 liter, pH adjusted to 3.0 using phosphoric acid.

Flow rate: 1 ml/min; UV detection: 226 nm; Oven temperature: 35° C.

Reference Example 1

In a 1000 ml three-necked round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer and a magnetic stirrer, 4-[(1,4′-dimethyl-2′-propyl[2,6′-bi-1H-benzimidazol]-1′-yl)methyl]-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (50 g, 0.095 mole) was charged, and methanol (300 ml) was added followed by addition of water (26 ml) and 47% NaOH solution (27 ml). The mixture was refluxed for 2 hours. Part of the solvent was evaporated and water (500 ml) was added in portions at 85° C. to afford a solution. The insoluble matter was removed by filtration and the mixture was neutralized with a solution of acetic acid (31.7 ml) in water (75 ml). The thus obtained crude Telmisartan cake was collected by filtration and washed with water to obtain 150 g of wet Telmisartan, which was dried under vacuum to obtain 48 g of the crude product in 98.6% yield, having a purity of 97%.

Example 1

In a 500 ml three necked round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer and a magnetic stirrer, Telmisartan (15 g) was dissolved in DMSO (290 ml). The solution was heated to 65° C. using an oil bath, and left to cool down to 25° C. After few days the resulting crystals were filtered off, washed with fresh water and dried at 100° C. under vacuum to obtain 11.55 g of Telmisartan form A in 77% yield, having a purity of 99.5% (according to HPLC).

Depending on the drying strength, different batches of dried material contained residual DMSO level in the range of 500-1000 ppm and had LOD values in the range of 0.2-0.3%, as measured by means of TGA.

The obtained solid material contained lumps, which could be easily ground by means of conventional mill. The obtained ground material has improved flowability, namely it is a free flowing crystalline powder that does not tend to gain electrostatic charge upon grinding. It has a bulk density of about 0.3 g/ml.

Particle size distribution was found to be: D(v,0.1)=1.60μ; D(v,0.2)=2.25μ; D(v,0.5)=4.98μ; D(v,0.8)=11.46μ; D(v,0.9)=16.78μ; D(v,0.95)=22.21μ; D(v,0.98)=29.03μ; D(v,1.0)=52.87μ.

XRPD pattern of the resulting material is shown in FIG. 4 and it resembles the pattern of form A.

........................
PATENT

http://www.google.im/patents/WO2009004064A1?cl=en

144702-27-2

KRKA, TOVARNA ZDRAVIL, D.D., NOVO MESTO Patent: WO2009/4064 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 44-45 ;

Telmisartan with its chemically name 4'-[(2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l -methylbenzimidazol- 2-yl)-benzimidazol-l-yl)-methyl]-bipheny]-2-carboxylic acid and formula 1

is a non-peptide antagonist of subtype 1 of the angiotensin II receptor (ATj -antagonist) used for the treatment of hypertension. It can be used alone or in combination with another pharmaceutically active compound, e.g. hydrochlorothiazide.

Telmisartan is disclosed in EP O 502 314 as well as in J. Med. Chem., 36(25), 4040-4051 ( 1993 j. Its polymorphs are known from EP 1 144 386 and J. Pharm. Sci. 89 ( I i ;. J4ό.v 1479 (2000).

EP 0 502 314 A and J. Med. Chem., 36(25), 4040-4051 (1993), disclose a method for the preparation of ielmisartan using its tert-butyl substituted intermediate (Scheme j ). The final product of this method is difficult to be filtered, washed and isolated. These properties are an obstacle to an effective large-scale production.

Scheme 1

The synthesis of telmisartan from a compound with the chemical name 4'-[(2-n-propy!-4- methyl-6-(l-methylbenzimidazo]-2-yl)-benzimidazol-l -yl)-methyl]-biphenyl-2-nitrile (further named as telmisartan nitriie) and represented by formula 3

is disclosed in EP 0 502 314A, WO 2004/087676, CN 1412183 and US 2006/264491.

In WO 2004/087676 and CN 1412183 telmisartan is prepared by hydrolyzing the compound of formula 3 (Scheme 2): Scheme 2

The disclosed method can be used in the large-scale production of telmisartan and allows for a relatively easy purification thereof.

US 2006/0264491 discloses reacting 4'((l,4^"-dimethyl-2'-propyl(2,6'-bi-lH- benzimidazol)-r-yl)-methyl)-( l ,r-biphenyl)-2-carboxamide via hydrolysis into telmisartan, isolating crude telmisartan and optionally purifying the crude telmisartan via crystallization.

Amorphous telmisartan is disclosed in US 2006/1 11417 and WO 2006/050921, while crystalline forms of telmisartan are disclosed in WO 00/43370, IN 2005MU00164 and US 2006/0276525.

Various salts of telmisartan are known, for example from CN 1548421, WO 03/037876, WO 2006/044754, WO 2006/050509, WO 2006/050921, EP 1 719 766, WO 2006/136916, WO 2007/01055k and WO 20C7/ 14788^<>

In addition to the above-discussed preparation processes of telmisartan, there still is a need for a yet further improved synthetic route lo telmisartan. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide new methods for the production of telmisartan intermediates substituted on position 2 of the biphenyl group of (4'-[(2-n- proρyl-4-methy]-6-( l-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-benzimidazol-l-yI)-methyl]-biphenyl) which methods are suitable for use on an industrial scale and which are economical, i.e. both cost and time effective and allow for the production of intermediates that can be converted into telmisartan and/or salts thereof with high quality and high yield.

Another object of the present invention is to provide novel intermediates of telmisartan and derivatives thereof that enable new, cost and time effective synthetic routes to such compounds.

Summary of the invention

In one aspect, the present invention provides processes for the preparation of the key intermediate of the synthesis of telmisartan, namely a telmisartan intermediate substituted on position 2 of the biphenyl group of 4'-[(2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l-methylbenzimidazoi- 2-yl)-benzimidazol-l-yl)-methyl]-biphenyl.

In another aspect, the present invention provides novel intermediates useful for the synthesis of telmisartan intermediates substituted on position 2 of the biphenyl group of 4^"- [(2-n-propyl-4-methy^]~6-(l -methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-benzimidazol-l-yl)-methyl]- biphenyl optionally in isolated and/or purified form and their use as intermediates in the preparation of telmisartan and/or its salts.

In another aspect, the present invention provides telmisartan intermediates substituted on position 2 of the biphenyl group of 4'-[(2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l-methylbenzimidazol-2- yl)-benzimidazol-l-yl)-methyl]-biphenyl prepared by the processes according to the oresenr invention having a purity of greater than 989r preferablv greater than 99<7r , wherein the amount of each individual impurity is less than 0.15%.

http://www.google.im/patents/WO2009004064A1?cl=en

144702-27-2

KRKA, TOVARNA ZDRAVIL, D.D., NOVO MESTO Patent: WO2009/4064 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 44-45 ;

Example 16 Preparation of 4'-[(2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l-methylbenzimidazoI-2-yl)-benzimidazoI- l-yI)-methyl]-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (compound 1)

A mixture of 2.5 g of compound 3 (5 mmol), 1.0 2 sodium hydroxide (25 mmol). 0.18 g water (10 mmol) and 30 ml etbyleneglycol was refluxed for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and HoO (250 ml ) was added. After the pH value of this solution was adjusted to 4 with HOAc ( J 2 ml), the product precipitated and was extracted three times with CHoCIo. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over NaSθ₄ and filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give 2.55 g of crude compound 1 (yield: 98%).

Example 17 Preparation of 4'-[(2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l-methylben2imidazol-2-yI)-benzimidazoI- l~yI)-methyI]-biphenyl-2-carboxyIic acid (compound 1):

A mixture of 15 g of compound 3 (30 mmol), 6.0 g potassium hydroxide (91 mmol}. 1.6 g water and 54 ml propylene glycol was refiuxed for 19 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and H?O (120 ml) was added. After the pH value of this solution was adjusted to 4.9 with 6M HCl (17 ml), the product was extracted three times with CH₂CIi. The combined organic layers were washed with water, dried over NaSO₄ and filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. To the residue acetone was added. The suspension was filtered to give 12.55 g of crude compound 1.

Example 18

Crystallization of 4'-[(2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l -methylbenzimidazoI-2-y])- benzimidazol-l-yl)-methyl]-biphenyl-2~carboxylic acid (compound 1):

A mixture of 3 g of telmisartan and 20 ml of N,N-dimethylforrnamide was heated to a temperature of about 100 ⁰C until telmisartan was dissolved. Then the solution was filtered and cooled to room temperature. The solution was stirred at this temperature for 3h and then 2h at 0 ⁰C. The product was filtered, washed with DMF and dried under reduced pressure at 70-90 ⁰C to give 2.7 g of telmisartan (HPLC purity: 99.5%).

Example 19

Crystallization of 4'-[(2-n-propyI-4-methyl-6-(l-methyIbenzimidazol-2-yl)- benzimidazo!-l-yI)-methyIl-biphenyf-2-carboxylic acid (compound 1):

A mixture of 21.4 g of telmisartan, 107 ml of ethanol and 1.3 g of charcoal was stirred at room temperature for 15 min. Then 4.7 ml of 25% NH-, was added and the mixture was stirred for another 1.5h. The mixture was then filtered and the filtrate was heated to 80 ⁰C. At this temperature. 4.76 ml of acetic acid was slowly added and the mixture was cooled to room temperature. The mixture was stirred at this temperature for Ih, then the product was filtered, washed with water and ethanol and dried under reduced pressure at 70-90 ⁰C to give 19.7 g of telmisartan (HPLC purity: 99.6%)

.............................

PATENT

CIPLA LIMITED; TURNER, Craig, Robert Patent: WO2005/108375 A1, 2005 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-4,7,9-10 ;

Chinese Patent CN 1344172 discloses the preparation of telmisartan in two steps: namely condensation and hydrolysⁱs. US 5591762 discloses the preparation of telmisartan from its tertiary butyl ester. Hydrolysis is carried out using trifluoro acetic acid in dimethyl formamide at room temperature and maintained for about 12 hours. The crude product obtained is purified over a silica gel column and finally crystallized from acetone. US 2002/0094997 is a divisional application of US 6358986. US 2002/0094997 discloses polymorphs of telmisartan, particularly polymorphic form B, polymorphous mixtures and their preparation. Accordingly, telmisartan Form A is dissolved in a mixture of solvents consisting of water, formic acid and an organic solvent that is miscible therewith; the solution is heated followed by distillation and telmisartan containing Form A and Form B is precipitated from the mixture by addition of a base. The disclosure further refers to advantages of the polymorphic Form B mixture, for example it is easily filterable and has a low tendency to electrostatic charging. The disclosure still further refers to the fact that Form A, which is obtained according to the basic patent, is difficult to filter, is characterized by a very long drying time and exhibits a strong tendency to electrostatic charging. The two telmisartan polymorphs of Form A and B as characterised by US 2002/0094997 differ considerably in their melting point: Form B melts at 183°C (determined by DSC), Form A at 269°C (determined by DSC). The polymorphs A and B also differ in their IR spectrum. Pure polymorph A has a characteristic band at 815 cm^"1 in the IR spectrum. In polymorph B, this oscillation is shifted to 830 cm^"1. In all the prior art processes, telmisartan is prepared in two or three steps, which is time consuming, product is lost during intermediate isolation, and as such there is a resulting low yield of the final product. It is also suggested in the prior art that the use of dimethyl formamide and alkali metal carbonates as solvent resulted in dimer formation, which also contributed to low yield. The aim of the present invention is, therefore, to provide an improved process for the preparation of telmisartan. In particular, it is an aim of the present invention to prepare telmisartan in a one step process, thereby increasing the yield, decreasing the cost and avoiding filtration and drying problems. Surprisingly, it has been found according to the present invention that telmisartan can be synthesised in one step from intermediates [1H - Benzimidazole - 2- n-propyl-4- methyl-6-(1 '-methyl benzimidazole-2'-yI)] and methyI-4-(bromomethyl) biphenyl-2- carboxylate. According to the present invention, therefore, there is provided a process for the preparation of telmisartan of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

(I) characterised in that lH-Benzimidazole-2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l '-methyl benzimidazole- 2'yl) of formula (II), and methyl-4-(bromomethyl) biphenyl-2-carboxylate of formula (III), are subjected to condensation and hydrolysis in a single step (in other words, a "one pot" synthesis)

(II) (in)

A process for the preparation of telmisartan of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

(I)

characterised in that lH-Benzimidazole-2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(l'-methyl benzimidazole- 2'yl) of foraiula (II) and methyl-4-(bromomethyl) biphenyl-2-carboxylate of formula (III) are subjected to condensation and hydrolysis in a single step

(II) (ffl)

Example I

Preparation of f4'-r2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(1-methyl benzimidazol-2-yl) benzimidazol — 1-yl methyl! biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid] 50 gm of [1 H — Benzimidazole-2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(1 'methyl benzimidazole-2'- yl)] was added to 200 ml dimethyl sulfoxide and 50 gm of potassium hydroxide. To this was added 60 gm of methyl-4-(bromomethyl) biphenyl-2-carboxylate at ambient temperature. The contents were stirred for 2 hours at 25-30°C, then heated to 40-50°C and maintained for 2 hours. About 500 ml water was added to the reaction mixture at room temperature and acidified to pH 4 with acetic acid. The reaction mixture was filtered and washed with purified water, dried under reduced pressure at 50-60°C to give 80 gm (88 %) of the title product.

Example 2

Preparation of r4'-[2-n-propyl-4-methyl— 6-(1 -methyl benzimidazol-2-vObenzimidazol — 1- yl methvπbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid] 50 gin of [1H — Benzimidazole-2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(1'- methyl benzimidazole- 2'-yI)] was added to 200 ml dimethyl sulphoxide and 50 gm of potassium hydroxide. To this was added 60 gm of methyl-4- (bromomethyl) biphenyl-2-carboxylate at ambient temperature. The contents were stirred for 2 hours at 25-30°C. The contents were heated to 40-50°C and maintained for 2 hours. About 500 ml water was added to the reaction mixture at room temperature and acidified with acetic acid to pH 3.8, extracted twice with 250 ml of dichloromethane and the combined extracts were concentrated and isolated by filtration after addition of 300 ml acetone, dried under reduced pressure at 50-60°C to give 75 gm (80 %) of the title product

Example 3

Preparation of \4' - F2-n-propyl — 4-methyl-6-(1 -methyl benzimidazol-2-yl) benzimidazol — 1-yl methyll biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid] 50 gm of [1 H — Benzimidazole-2-n - propyl-4-methyl-6-(1 '-methyl benzimidazole-2'- yl)] was added to 200 ml dimethyl sulfoxide and 50 gm of sodium hydroxide. To this was added 60 gm of methyl-4- (bromomethyl) biphenyl-2-carboxylate at ambient temperature. The contents were stirred for 2 hours at 25-30°C and then heated to 40-50 and maintained for 2 hours. About 500 ml water was added to the reaction mixture and acidified with acetic acid to pH 4.2, extract4ed twice with 250 ml of dichloromethane and the combined extracts were concentrated and isolated by filtration after addition of 300 ml acetone, dried under reduced pressure at 50-60°C to give 75.0 gm (80%) of the title compound.

Example 4

Purification of 14' - r2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(1 -methyl benzimidazol-2-vh benzimidazol-1-yl methyll biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid] 50gm of [4' - [2-n-propyl-4-methyl-6-(1 -methyl benzimidazol-2-yl) benzimidazol-1-yl methyl] biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid] (obtained according to any of Examples 1, 2 or 3) was added to 500ml of methanol. To this was slowly added 50ml of methanolic ammonia (10-15%) at 25-30°C. The contents were stirred for 30 minutes at 25-30°C. About 3gm charcoal was added and stirred at 25-30°C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtered over hyflo, bed washed with methanol. The clear filtrate pH was adjusted to 3.5-4.0 using acetic acid. The contents were stirred at 20-30°C for 1 hour. Pure telmisartan was isolated by filtration, dried under reduced pressure at 50-60°C to yield 45gm (90%) of the title product with HPLC purity of about 99.3%.

......................

Kumar, A. Sanjeev; Ghosh, Samir; Mehta Journal of Chemical Research, 2010 , # 2 p. 95 - 97

..............................................................

KRKA, tovarna zdravil, d.d., Novo mesto; ZUPANCIC, Silvo; SEDMAK, Gregor Patent: WO2010/146187 A2, 2010 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 37-38 ;

............................................................

Chemo Iberica, S.A. Patent: EP2149566 A1, 2010 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 12 ;
will be

....................................................

WO2014/27280 A1, ;will be

.....................................................................

keep watching this is being updated

Reddy, Kikkuru Srirami; Srinivasan, Neti; Reddy, Chinta Raveendra; Kolla, Naveenkumar; Anjaneyulu, Yerremilli; Venkatraman, Sundaram; Bhattacharya, Apurba; Mathad, Vijayavitthal T. Organic Process Research and Development, 2007 , vol. 11, # 1 p. 81 - 85

LEK PHARMACEUTICALS D.D. Patent: WO2006/103068 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 11; 18 ; WO 2006/103068 A1

Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH Patent: US2004/236113 A1, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page 6 ;

Chemo Iberica, S.A. Patent: EP2123648 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 13 ;

Venugopal; Ramanatham; Devanna; Sanjeev Kumar; Ghosh, Samir; Soundararajan; Kale, Bhima; Mehta Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2010 , vol. 22, # 4 p. 2767 - 2773

Cited Patent	Filing date	Publication date	Applicant	Title
WO2000027397A1 *	6 Nov 1998	18 May 2000	Boehringer Ingelheim Int	Antihypertensive medicaments containing lacidipine and telmisartan
WO2004087676A1 *	26 Mar 2004	14 Oct 2004	Boehringer Ingelheim Int	Method for the production of telmisartan
EP0502314A1 *	31 Jan 1992	9 Sep 1992	Dr. Karl Thomae GmbH	Benzimidazol, medicaments containing them and process for their preparation
US6358986 *	10 Jan 2000	19 Mar 2002	Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Kg	Polymorphs of telmisartan
US20020094997 *	16 Nov 2001	18 Jul 2002	Heinrich Schneider	Polymorphs of telmisartan

* Cited by examiner

Citing Patent	Filing date	Publication date	Applicant	Title
WO2006136916A2 *	20 Jun 2006	28 Dec 2006	Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd	Substantially pure micronized particles of telmisartan and pharmaceutical compositions containing same
WO2009006860A2	8 Jul 2008	15 Jan 2009	Zentiva As	A method of manufacturing 4'-[[4-methyl-6-(1-methyl-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-propyl-1h-benzimidazol-1yl]methyl]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (telmisartan)
WO2009123483A1	30 Mar 2009	8 Oct 2009	Zaklady Farmaceutyczne Polpharma Sa	Process for preparation of telmisartan
WO2010018441A2 *	10 Aug 2009	18 Feb 2010	Cadila Pharmaceuticals Ltd.	An improved process for the preparation of substantially pure telmisartan
WO2010053233A1 *	6 Mar 2009	14 May 2010	Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corp.	The new telmisartan zinc salt and the preparation thereof
WO2010146187A2 *	21 Jun 2010	23 Dec 2010	Krka, Tovarna Zdravil, D.D., Novo Mesto	Process for the preparation of telmisartan
WO2011102645A2 *	17 Feb 2011	25 Aug 2011	Dong Wha Pharm. Co., Ltd.	An improved process for preparing telmisartan
WO2012055941A1	26 Oct 2011	3 May 2012	Krka,Tovarna Zdravil, D. D., Novo Mesto	Multilayer pharmaceutical composition comprising telmisartan and amlodipine
CN101172968B	1 Nov 2006	12 May 2010	浙江天宇药业有限公司	2-propyl-4 methyl-6-(tolimidazole-2group) benzoglioxaline salt and method for producing the same
EP2123648A1	20 May 2008	25 Nov 2009	Chemo Ibérica, S.A.	A process for the preparation of Telmisartan.