GRAZOPREVIR
http://anewmerckreviewed.wordpress.com/2013/04/23/okay-trivial-pursuit-will-the-real-mk-5172-please-stand-up/
Merck reported interim data from the Phase 2 C-WORTHY study in April 2014 at the International Liver Congress (ILC) in London that evaluated the efficacy and safety of its two-drug regimen based on NS3/4A protease inhibitor MK-5172 and NS5A replication complex inhibitor MK-8742, given with or without ribavirin, in GT1 HCV patients with cirrhosis. The once-daily single pill (without ribavirin) showed a 98% SVR12 (12-week sustained virologic response) in genotype-1, treatment-naive patients. Merck will start the phase III clinical trials (NCT02105688, NCT02105662, NCT02105467 andNCT02105701) for the combination in June 2014.
- Grazoprevir hydrate
- UNII-4O2AB118LA
- MK 5172
THERAPEUTIC CLAIM Antiviral
Note……..drug is k salt
MF C38H49N6O9SK
MW804.99
MW804.99
CHEMICAL NAMES
1. Cyclopropanecarboxamide, N-[[[(1R,2R)-2-[5-(3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-
quinoxalinyl)pentyl]cyclopropyl]oxy]carbonyl]-3-methyl-L-valyl-(4R)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-1-
amino-N-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)-2-ethenyl-, cyclic (1→2)-ether, hydrate (1 :1) (1R,2S)-
quinoxalinyl)pentyl]cyclopropyl]oxy]carbonyl]-3-methyl-L-valyl-(4R)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-1-
amino-N-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)-2-ethenyl-, cyclic (1→2)-ether, hydrate (1 :1) (1R,2S)-
2. (1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-N-{(1R,2S)-1-[(cyclopropylsulfonyl)carbamoyl]-2-
ethenylcyclopropyl}-5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-
1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-
methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-
carboxamide hydrate
ethenylcyclopropyl}-5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-
1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-
methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-
carboxamide hydrate
MOLECULAR FORMULA C38H50N6O9S.H2O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT 784.92
MOLECULAR WEIGHT 784.92
SPONSOR Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER 1350462-55-3 HYDRATE, 1350514-68-9 (anhydrous)
WHO NUMBER
9857
9857
GRAZOPREVIR
MERCK
MK-5172 is in phase II clinical development at Merck & Co. for
the oral treatment of chronic hepatitis C in combination with
peginterferon and ribavirin and in combination with MK-8742. Phase I
clinical trials are ongoing for the treatment of hepatitis C in patients
with genotype 1 and genotype 3. In 2013, breakthrough therapy
designation was assigned to the compound.
SYNTHESIS, THESIS PROCEDURES, NMR see...........http://www.allfordrugs.com/2015/07/31/mk-5172-grazoprevir/
SYNTHESIS, THESIS PROCEDURES, NMR see...........http://www.allfordrugs.com/2015/07/31/mk-5172-grazoprevir/
Discovery of MK-5172, a macrocyclic hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease inhibitor
ACS Med Chem Lett 2012, 3(4): 332DOI: 10.1021/ml300017p
ACS Med Chem Lett 2012, 3(4): 332DOI: 10.1021/ml300017p
Development of a practical, asymmetric synthesis of the hepatitis c virus protease inhibitor MK-5172
Org Lett 2013, 15(16): 4174
Org Lett 2013, 15(16): 4174
References on MK-5172 hydrate:
[1]. Steven Harper , John A. McCauley , Michael T. Discovery of MK-5172, a Macrocyclic Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4a Protease Inhibitor. ACS Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 3 (4), pp 332-336[2]. Summa V, Ludmerer SW, McCauley JA, MK-5172, a selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Aug;56(8):4161-7.
[1]. Steven Harper , John A. McCauley , Michael T. Discovery of MK-5172, a Macrocyclic Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4a Protease Inhibitor. ACS Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 3 (4), pp 332-336[2]. Summa V, Ludmerer SW, McCauley JA, MK-5172, a selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Aug;56(8):4161-7.
WO2013142159
WO 2013106631
WO 2013101550
WO 2013028470
WO 2013028471
WO2013028465
WO 2010011566
Description:
IC50 Value: 7.4nM and 7nM for genotype1b and 1a respectively, in replicon system [1]
MK-5172 is a novel P2-P4 quinoxaline macrocyclic HCV NS3/4a protease inhibitor currently in clinical development.
in vitro: In biochemical assays, MK-5172 was effective against a panel of major genotypes and variants engineered with common resistant mutations observed in clinical studies with other NS3/4a protease inhibitors. In the replicon assay, MK-5172 demonstrated subnanomolar to low-nanomolar EC50s against genotypes 1a, 1b, and 2a [2].
in vivo: In rats, MK-5172 showed a plasma clearance of 28 ml/min/kg and plasma half-life of 1.4 hr. When dosed p.o. at 5 mg/kg, the plasma exposure of MK-5172 was good with an AUC of 0.7 uM.hr. The liver exposure of the compound was quite good (23 uM at 4 hr), and MK-5172 remained in liver 24 hr after a single p.o. 5 mg/kg dose. At 24 hr, the liver concentration of MK-5172 was 0.2 uM, which was over 25-fold higher than the IC50 in the replicon assay with 50% NHS. When dosed to dogs, MK-5172 showed low clearance of 5 ml/min/kg and a 3 hr half-life after i.v. 2 mg/kg dosing and had good plasma exposure (AUC=0.4 uM.hr) after a p.o. 1 mg/kg dose [1].
Clinical trial: Evaluation of Hepatic Pharmacokinetics for MK-5172 in Participants With Chronic Hepatitis C . Phase1
IC50 Value: 7.4nM and 7nM for genotype1b and 1a respectively, in replicon system [1]
MK-5172 is a novel P2-P4 quinoxaline macrocyclic HCV NS3/4a protease inhibitor currently in clinical development.
in vitro: In biochemical assays, MK-5172 was effective against a panel of major genotypes and variants engineered with common resistant mutations observed in clinical studies with other NS3/4a protease inhibitors. In the replicon assay, MK-5172 demonstrated subnanomolar to low-nanomolar EC50s against genotypes 1a, 1b, and 2a [2].
in vivo: In rats, MK-5172 showed a plasma clearance of 28 ml/min/kg and plasma half-life of 1.4 hr. When dosed p.o. at 5 mg/kg, the plasma exposure of MK-5172 was good with an AUC of 0.7 uM.hr. The liver exposure of the compound was quite good (23 uM at 4 hr), and MK-5172 remained in liver 24 hr after a single p.o. 5 mg/kg dose. At 24 hr, the liver concentration of MK-5172 was 0.2 uM, which was over 25-fold higher than the IC50 in the replicon assay with 50% NHS. When dosed to dogs, MK-5172 showed low clearance of 5 ml/min/kg and a 3 hr half-life after i.v. 2 mg/kg dosing and had good plasma exposure (AUC=0.4 uM.hr) after a p.o. 1 mg/kg dose [1].
Clinical trial: Evaluation of Hepatic Pharmacokinetics for MK-5172 in Participants With Chronic Hepatitis C . Phase1
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem that
leads to chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular
carcinoma, in a substantial number of infected individuals. Current
treatments for HCV infection include immunotherapy with recombinant
interferon-α alone or in combination with the nucleoside analog
ribavirin.
Several virally-encoded enzymes are putative targets for
therapeutic intervention, including a metalloprotease (NS2-3), a serine
protease (NS3), a helicase (NS3), and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
(NS5B). The NS3 protease is located in the N-terminal domain of the NS3
protein. NS4A provide a cofactor for NS3 activity.
Potential treatments for HCV infection have been discussed in the different references including Balsano, Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 8(4):307-318, 2008, Rönn et al., Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 8:533-562, 2008, Sheldon et al., Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs 16(8):1171-1181, 2007, and De Francesco et al., Antiviral Research 58:1-16, 2003
Different HCV inhibitors are described in different publications.
Macrocyclic compounds useful as inhibitors the HCV protease inhibitors
are described in WO 06/119061, WO 7/015785, WO 7/016441, WO 07/148,135,
WO 08/051,475, WO 08/051,477, WO 08/051,514, WO 08/057,209. Additional
HCV NS3 protease inhibitors are disclosed in International Patent
Application Publications WO 98/22496, WO 98/46630, WO 99/07733, WO
99/07734, WO 99/38888, WO 99/50230, WO 99/64442, WO 00/09543, WO
00/59929, WO 02/48116, WO 02/48172, British Patent No. GB 2 337 262, and
U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,180.
………………………
NMR
13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 172.32, 170.63,
169.04, 159.86, 156.95, 154.74, 148.10, 140.41, 133.55 (2 signals),
128.94, 118.21, 117.58, 105.89, 74.88, 59.75, 58.71, 55.68, 54.13,
54.01, 40.13, 34.49, 34.04, 33.76, 32.68, 30.71, 30.43, 28.55, 27.69,
27.28, 26.38, 21.98, 18.49, 10.67, 5.69, 5.46; MS (ES+) m/z 767 (M+H)+
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-N-((1R,2S)-1-{[(cyclopropylsulfonyl)amino]carbonyl}-2-vinylcyclopropyl)-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxamide
………………….
NMR OF GRAZOPREVIR K SALT
Potassium {[(1R,2S)-1-({[(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-
1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-
methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxalin-8-
yl]carbonyl}amino)-2-ethenylcyclopropyl]carbonyl}(cyclopropylsulfonyl)azanide (15 K-salt).
1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-
methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxalin-8-
yl]carbonyl}amino)-2-ethenylcyclopropyl]carbonyl}(cyclopropylsulfonyl)azanide (15 K-salt).
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.91 (br s, 1 H), 7.75 (d, J =
8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.15 (m, 1 H), 7.04 (m, 1 H), 5.97 (m, 1 H), 5.73 (br s, 1 H), 4.96 (m, 1 H), 4.79 (apparent q, J = 9.3 Hz, 1 H), 4.26 (dd, J = 9.7, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.20 (d, J = 11.3 Hz, 1 H), 4.14 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.90 (dd, J = 11.1, 3.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.86 (s, 3 H), 3.62 (m, 1 H), 2.86-2.60 (m, 3 H), 2.38 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (m, 1 H), 1.80-1.48 (m, 6 H), 1.42 (m, 5 H), 1.14 (m, 1 H), 0.95 (m, 10 H), 0.81 (m, 2 H), 0.72-0.50 (m, 3 H), 0.41 (m, 1 H) ppm.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ml300017p/suppl_file/ml300017p_si_001.pdf
8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.15 (m, 1 H), 7.04 (m, 1 H), 5.97 (m, 1 H), 5.73 (br s, 1 H), 4.96 (m, 1 H), 4.79 (apparent q, J = 9.3 Hz, 1 H), 4.26 (dd, J = 9.7, 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.20 (d, J = 11.3 Hz, 1 H), 4.14 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.90 (dd, J = 11.1, 3.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.86 (s, 3 H), 3.62 (m, 1 H), 2.86-2.60 (m, 3 H), 2.38 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (m, 1 H), 1.80-1.48 (m, 6 H), 1.42 (m, 5 H), 1.14 (m, 1 H), 0.95 (m, 10 H), 0.81 (m, 2 H), 0.72-0.50 (m, 3 H), 0.41 (m, 1 H) ppm.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ml300017p/suppl_file/ml300017p_si_001.pdf
………………………………………………………
GRAZOPREVIR
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-Butyl-N-((1R,2S)-1-{[(cyclopropylsulfonyl)amino] carbonyl}-2-
vinylcyclopropyl)-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-
7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-
carboxamide (MK-5172, 15).
vinylcyclopropyl)-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-
7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-
carboxamide (MK-5172, 15).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3
OD) δ 7.79 (dd, J = 9.6, 1.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.23 (s, 1 H), 7.22 (m, 1 H), 7.10 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.01 (apparent t, J = 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.74 (m, 1 H), 5.24 (dd, J = 17.0 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.11 (dd, J = 10.4 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.49 (d, J = 11.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.40 (m, 2 H), 4.13 (dd, J = 12.0 Hz, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.76 (m, 1 H), 2.92 (m, 2 H), 2.85 (m, 1 H), 2.55 (dd, J = 13.6 Hz, 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.28 (m, 1 H), 2.18 (apparent q, J =8.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.85 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.73 (m, 2 H), 1.5 (m, 2 H), 1.40 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.3 (m, 2 H), 1.23 (m, 4 H), 1.08 (s, 9 H), 0.99 (m, 2 H), 0.89 (m, 3 H), 0.73 (m, 1 H), 0.49 (m, 1 H) ppm; HRMS (ESI) m/z 767.3411 [(M+H)+; calcd for C38H51N6O9S: 767.3433].http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ml300017p/suppl_file/ml300017p_si_001.pdf
OD) δ 7.79 (dd, J = 9.6, 1.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.23 (s, 1 H), 7.22 (m, 1 H), 7.10 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.01 (apparent t, J = 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.74 (m, 1 H), 5.24 (dd, J = 17.0 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.11 (dd, J = 10.4 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.49 (d, J = 11.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.40 (m, 2 H), 4.13 (dd, J = 12.0 Hz, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.76 (m, 1 H), 2.92 (m, 2 H), 2.85 (m, 1 H), 2.55 (dd, J = 13.6 Hz, 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.28 (m, 1 H), 2.18 (apparent q, J =8.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.85 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.73 (m, 2 H), 1.5 (m, 2 H), 1.40 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.3 (m, 2 H), 1.23 (m, 4 H), 1.08 (s, 9 H), 0.99 (m, 2 H), 0.89 (m, 3 H), 0.73 (m, 1 H), 0.49 (m, 1 H) ppm; HRMS (ESI) m/z 767.3411 [(M+H)+; calcd for C38H51N6O9S: 767.3433].http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ml300017p/suppl_file/ml300017p_si_001.pdf
…………………………..
HPLC
……………………
SYNTHESIS OF INTERMEDIATES Intermediates A
Intermediate # | Structure | Name | Lit. Reference |
A1 | (1R,2S)-1-Amino-N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl)-2- vinylcyclopropanecarboxamide hydrochloride | Wang et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,995,174 | |
Intermediate B1 3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valine
Step 1: [(1E)-hepta-1,6-dien-1-yloxy](trimethyl)silane
A solution (0.5 M) of butenyl magnesium bromide in THF (1.4 eq) was treated at −78° C. with Cu(I) Br.SMe2 (0.05
eq) and HMPA (2.4 eq). The mixture was stirred for 10 min, then a
solution (1 M) of acrolein (1 eq) and TMSCl (2 eq) in THF was added over
1 h such that the internal temperature remained below −68° C. The
resulting mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 2 h, then treated with
excess Et3N and diluted with hexane. After reaching room temperature, the mixture was treated with a small portion of H2O and filtered through CELITE. The filtrate was washed 10 times with H2O
and then with brine. The organic layer was dried, and the volatiles
were removed to give a residue that was distilled under reduced pressure
(20 mbar). The fraction collected at 80-86° C. contained the title
compound (58%) as a colorless liquid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3)
δ 6.19 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 5.85-5.75 (m, 1H), 5.02-4.92 (m, 3H),
2.08-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.46-1.38 (m, 2H), 0.18 (s, 9H).
Step 2: trans-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropanol
A solution (0.45 M) of the preceding compound in hexane was treated with a solution (15%) of Et2Zn
(1.2 eq) in toluene, and the resulting solution was cooled in an ice
bath. Diiodomethane (1.2 eq) was added dropwise, then the solution was
stirred for 1 h before being warmed to 20° C. Pyridine (6 eq) was added,
and the slurry was stirred for 15 min then poured onto petroleum ether.
The mixture was filtered repeatedly through CELITE until a transparent
solution was obtained. This mixture was concentrated at 100 mbar, and
the solution that remained (that contained
trimethyl{[(trans)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}silane, toluene and
pyridine) was further diluted with THF. The mixture was cooled to 0° C.
then treated dropwise with a solution (1 M) of TBAF (1.2 eq) in THF.
After 10 min, the mixture was allowed to warm to 20° C., and after a
further 1 h was poured into H2O. The aqueous phase was
extracted with EtOAc, and the combined organic extracts were washed with
brine then dried. Removal of the volatiles afforded a residue that was
purified by flash chromatography (eluent 0-66% Et2O/petroleum ether) to furnish the title compound (71%) as a colorless liquid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3)
δ 5.85-5.75 (m, 1H), 5.00 (dd, J=17.1, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.94 (br d, J=10.4
Hz, 1H), 3.20 (apparent dt, J=6.4, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 2.10-2.04 (m, 2H),
1.52-1.44 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.19 (m, 1H), 1.15-1.07 (m, 1H), 0.95-0.87 (m,
1H), 0.71-0.66 (m, 1H), 0.31 (apparent q, J=6.0 Hz, 1H).
Step 3: methyl 3-methyl-N-(oxomethylene)-L-valinate
A solution (0.39 M) of methyl 3-methyl-L-valinate in a 2:1 mixture of saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and CH2Cl2 was
cooled in an ice bath and stirred rapidly. The mixture was treated with
triphosgene (0.45 eq) in one portion, and the resulting mixture was
stirred for 0.5 h. The reaction was diluted with CH2Cl2, and the layers were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2Cl2,
then the combined organics were washed with brine and dried. Removal of
the solvent gave the title compound as clear oil that was kept for 12 h
under vacuum (0.1 mbar) then used directly in the subsequent step. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.75 (s, 1H), 1.00 (s, 9H).
Step 4: methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valinate
and methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1S,2S)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valinate
A solution (0.45 M) of trans-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropanol in
toluene was treated with methyl 3-methyl-N-(oxomethylene)-L-valinate
(1.1 eq) and then DMAP (1 eq). The resulting mixture was heated under
reflux for 12 h then cooled to 20° C. H2O and EtOAc were
added, and the organic layer was separated and washed with 1N HCl, brine
and dried. Removal of the volatiles afforded a residue that was
purified twice by flash chromatography (eluent 0-30% Et2O/petroleum
ether). The first fractions contained methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valinate
(38%) as an oil. MS (ES+) m/z 298 (M+H)+
The later fractions contained methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1S,2S)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valinate
(28%) as an oil. MS (ES+) m/z 298 (M+H)+
Step 5: 3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valine
A solution (0.1 M) of methyl 3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valinate in 2:1 mixture of MeOH/H2O was treated with LiOH.H2O
(4 eq) and then heated at 60° C. for 4 h. The mixture was cooled and
concentrated to half volume, then diluted with EtOAc and acidified with
aqueous HCl (1 N). The organic layer was separated and washed with brine
then dried. Removal of the volatiles afforded the title compound (98%)
as an oil. MS (ES+) m/z 284 (M+H)+
Intermediates C Intermediate C1 methyl (4R)-4-[(3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate hydrochloride
Step 1: 6-methoxyquinoxaline-2,3-diol
A suspension of 4-methoxybenzene-1,2-diamine dihydrochloride in diethyl oxalate (8 eq) was treated with Et3N (2 eq) and then heated at 150° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled and filtered, and then the collected solid was washed with H2O and EtOH. The residue was dried to give the title compound (69%). MS (ES+) m/z 193 (M+H)+
Step 2: 3-chloro-6-methoxyquinoxalin-2-ol
A solution (1.53 M) of 6-methoxyquinoxaline-2,3-diol in DMF was treated with SOCl2 (1
eq) and heated at 110° C. After 1.5 h, the reaction mixture was cooled
and poured into aqueous HCl (1 N). The resulting precipitate was
filtered and washed with H2O and Et2O. The dried
solid contained predominantly the title compound as a mixture with
6-methoxyquinoxaline-2,3-diol and 2,3-dichloro-6-methoxyquinoxaline.
This material was used directly in the subsequent step. MS (ES+) m/z 211 (M+H)+
Step 3: 1-tert-butyl 2-methyl (2S,4R)-4-[(3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate
A solution (0.35 M) of 3-chloro-6-methoxyquinoxalin-2-ol in NMP was treated with Cs2CO3 (1.5
eq) and 1-tert-butyl 2-methyl
(2S,4S)-4-{[(4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy}pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate
(1.1 eq). The resulting mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 18 h, then a
further portion (0.1 eq) of 1-tert-butyl 2-methyl
(25,45)-4-{[(4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy}pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate
was added. After stirring for 2 h, the mixture was cooled and diluted
with H2O and EtOAc. The organic phases were washed with aqueous HCl (1 N), saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and
brine. The dried organic phase was concentrated to a residue that was
purified by flash-chromatography (0-60% EtOAc/petroleum ether) to give
the title compound (35% for two steps) as a solid. MS (ES+) m/z 438 (M+H)+
Step 4: methyl (4R)-4-[(3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate hydrochloride
A solution (0.62 M) of 1-tert-butyl 2-methyl
(2S,4R)-4-[(3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate
in CH2Cl2 was treated with a solution (4 M) of
HCl in dioxane (5 eq). The mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 2 h, then
treated with a solution (4 M) of HCl in dioxane (2 eq). After 5 h, the
reaction was judged complete and the mixture was concentrated under
reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with Et2O to give the title compound (95%) as a solid. MS (ES+) m/z 338 (M+H)+
Example 1 Potassium
{[(1R,2S)-1-({[(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxalin-8-yl]carbonyl}amino)-2-vinylcyclopropyl]carbonyl}(cyclopropylsulfonyl)azanide
Step 1: methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valyl-(4R)-4-[(3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate
A solution (0.2 M) of methyl
(4R)-4-[(3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate
hydrochloride in DMF was treated with
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valine
(1.1 eq), DIEA (5 eq) and HATU (1.2 eq). The resulting mixture was
stirred at 20° C. for 5 h, then diluted with EtOAc. The organic layer
was separated and washed with aqueous HCl (1 N), saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and
brine. The dried organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure
to give a residue that was purified by flash chromatography (eluent
10-30% EtOAc/petroleum ether) to furnish the title compound (96%) as an
oil. MS (ES+) m/z 604 (M+H)+
Step 2: methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valyl-(4R)-4-[(7-methoxy-3-vinylquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate
A solution (0.1 M) of methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valyl-(4R)-4-[3-chloro-7-methoxyquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate
in EtOH was treated with potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate (1.5 eq) and
triethylamine (1.5 eq). The resulting mixture was degassed, then PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (0.1 eq) was added. The mixture was heated under reflux for 1 h, then cooled to room temperature and diluted with H2O and EtOAc. The organic phase was separated, washed with H2O
and brine then dried. Removal of the volatiles afforded a residue that
was purified by flash chromatography (20-30% EtOAc/petroleum ether) to
give the title compound as a yellow foam that was used directly in the
subsequent step. MS (ES+) m/z 595 (M+H)+
Step 3: methyl
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,18E,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,20,21,22,22a-dodecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylate
A solution (0.02 M) of methyl
3-methyl-N-({[(1R,2R)-2-pent-4-en-1-ylcyclopropyl]oxy}carbonyl)-L-valyl-(4R)-4-[(7-methoxy-3-vinylquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]-L-prolinate
in DCE was heated to 80° C. then treated with Zhan 1 catalyst (0.15
eq). The resulting mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 1 h, then cooled to
room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue
was purified by flash chromatography (20-50% EtOAc/petroleum ether) to
give the title compound (25% for 2 steps) as a foam. MS (ES+) m/z 567 (M+H)+
Step 4: methyl
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylate
A solution (0.05 M) of methyl
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,18E,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,20,21,22,22a-dodecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylate
in MeOH/dioxane (1:1 ratio) was treated with Pd/C (8% in weight). The
resulting mixture was stirred under atmosphere of hydrogen for 4 h. The
catalyst was filtered off, and the filtrate was concentrated under
reduced pressure to give the title compound (98%) as a solid. MS (ES+) m/z 569 (M+H)+
Step 5:
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic
acid
A solution (0.1 M) of methyl
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylate
in a 1:1 mixture of H2O/THF was treated with LiOH.H2O
(3 eq). The resulting mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 18 h, acidified
with aqueous HCl (0.2 M) and diluted with EtOAc. The organic phase was
separated, washed with aqueous HCl (0.2 M) and brine then dried. Removal
of the volatiles afforded the title compound (98%) as a solid. MS (ES+) m/z 555 (M+H)+
Step 6:
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-N-((1R,2S)-1-{[(cyclopropylsulfonyl)amino]carbonyl}-2-vinylcyclopropyl)-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxamide
A solution (0.1 M) of
(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic
acid in CH2Cl2 was treated with
(1R,2S)-1-{[(cyclopropylsulfonyl)amino]carbonyl}-2-vinylcyclopropanaminium
chloride (1.3 eq), DIEA (3 eq), DMAP (1.5 eq) and TBTU (1.45 eq). The
resulting mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 18 h and then diluted with
EtOAc. The solution was washed with aqueous HCl (0.2 M), saturated
aqueous NaHCO3 and brine. The organic phases were dried and
concentrated to give a residue that was purified by flash-chromatography
(eluent 2.5% MeOH/CH2Cl2) to give the title compound (89%) as a solid. 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6)
δ 172.32, 170.63, 169.04, 159.86, 156.95, 154.74, 148.10, 140.41,
133.55 (2 signals), 128.94, 118.21, 117.58, 105.89, 74.88, 59.75, 58.71,
55.68, 54.13, 54.01, 40.13, 34.49, 34.04, 33.76, 32.68, 30.71, 30.43,
28.55, 27.69, 27.28, 26.38, 21.98, 18.49, 10.67, 5.69, 5.46; MS (ES+) m/z 767 (M+H)+
GRAZOPREVIR POTASSIUM
Step 7: potassium
{[(1R,2S)-1-({[(1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradecahydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxalin-8-yl]carbonyl}amino)-2-vinylcyclopropyl]carbonyl}(cyclopropylsulfonyl)azanide
The preceding material was taken up in EtOH and the resulting
solution (0.025 M) was cooled to 0° C. A solution (0.02 M) of tert-BuOK
(1.5 eq) in EtOH was added leading to the formation of a precipitate.
The mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 18 h, then the solid was collected
by filtration. This material was washed with EtOH and dried to give the
title compound (93%) as a white crystalline solid. MS (ES+) m/z 767 (M+H)+http://www.google.nl/patents/US8080654
………………………..
PATENT
WO 2015095437
Step 1: Quinoxaline Hydroxyproline Methyl Ester HCl Salt
A 250-ml RB, equipped with magnetic stirrer and N2 bubbler, was charged with chloroquinoxaline BOC hydroxyproline adduct in MeOH (100 ml), and the mixture was cooled in an ice bath. Acetyl chloride (17.9 g) was then added, and the mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. The batch was diluted with IP Ac (80 ml). Solids were filtered off and washed with IPAc (20 ml). The washed solids were dried under vacuum for 3 d, to provide 48.9 g (100% yield ). Part of this material was used in the next step.
A 250-ml RB, equipped with magnetic stirrer and N2 bubbler, was charged with chloroquinoxaline BOC hydroxyproline adduct in MeOH (100 ml), and the mixture was cooled in an ice bath. Acetyl chloride (17.9 g) was then added, and the mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. The batch was diluted with IP Ac (80 ml). Solids were filtered off and washed with IPAc (20 ml). The washed solids were dried under vacuum for 3 d, to provide 48.9 g (100% yield ). Part of this material was used in the next step.
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WO2015057611
Example 17: Preparation of Compound A, Method A
Macrocyclic acid hemihydrate, the product of Example 15 (10.16 g, 18.03 mmol) was dissolved in THF (50 mL to 90 mL). The solution was azetropically dried at a final volume of 100 mL. Sulfonamide pTSA salt (7.98 g, 1.983 mmol) followed by DMAc (15 mL) was added at RT. The batch was cooled to 0°C to 10°C, and pyridine (10 mL) was added dropwise. Then, EDC HCl (4.49 g, 23.44 mmol) was added in portions or one portion at 0°C to 10°C. The reaction mixture was aged at 0°C to 10°C for 1 h, and then warmed to 15°C to 20°C for 2 h to 4 h. MeOAc (100 mL) followed by 15 wt% citric acid in 5% NaCl in water (50 mL) was added, while the internal temperature was maintained to < 25°C with external cooling. The separated organic phase was washed with 15 wt% citric acid in 5% NaCl in water (50 mL) followed by 5% NaCl (50 mL). The organic phase was solvent-switched to acetone at a final volume of ~80 mL. Water (10 mL) was added dropwise at 35°C to 40°C. The batch was seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (~10 mg) and aged for 0.5 h tol h at 35°C to 40°C. Additional water (22 mL) was added dropwise over 2 h to 4 h at 35°C to 40°C. The slurry was aged at 20°C for 2 h to 4 h before filtration. The wet cake was displacement washed with 60% acetone in water (2x 40 mL). Suction drying at RT gave Compound A monohydrate form III as a white solid.
XH NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ 9.95 (s, br, 1 H), 7.81 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.18 (dd, J = 9.1, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.16 (s, br, 1 H), 7.13 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 5.96 (t, J = 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.72 (m, 1 H), 5.68 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1 H), 5.19 (d, J = 17.1 Hz, 1 H), 5.07 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1 H), 4.52 (d, J = 11.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.45 (d, J = 9.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.36 (d, J = 10.5, 6.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.05 (dd, J = 11.5, 3.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.93 (s, 3 H), 3.78 (m, 1 H), 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.82 (tt, J = 8.0, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.74 (dt, J = 13.2, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.59 (dd, J = 14.0, 6.7 Hz, 1 H), 2.40 (ddd, J = 14.0, 10.6, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.10 (dd, J = 17.7, 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 1.98 (2 H, mono hydrate H20), 1.88 (dd, J 8.2, 5.9 Hz, 1 HO, 1.74 (m, 3 H), 1.61 (m, 1 H), 1.50 (m, 3 H), 1.42 (dd, J = 9.6, 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.22 (m, 2 H), 1.07 (s, 9 H), 0.95 (m, 4 H), 0.69 (m, 1 H), 0.47 (m, 1 H).
1 C NMR (100 MHz, CDC13) δ 173.5, 172.1, 169.1, 160.4, 157.7, 154.9, 148.4, 141.0, 134.3, 132.7, 129.1, 118.8, 118.7, 106.5, 74.4, 59.6, 59.4, 55.8, 55.5, 54.9, 41.8, 35.4, 35.3, 35.2, 34.3,. 31.2, 30.7, 29.5, 28.6, 28.2, 26.6, 22.6, 18.7, 11.2, 6.31, 6.17.
HPLC conditions: Ascentis Express Column, 10 cm x 4.6 mm, 2.7 μηι; Column temperature of 40°C; Flow rate of 1.8 mL/min; and Wavelength of 215 nm.
Gradiant: mm 0.1% ¾PO4
0 20 80
5 55 45
15 55 45
25 95 5
27 95 5
27.1 20 80
32 20 80
Retention time: mm.
Compound A 14.50
Example 18: Preparation of Compound A, Method B
To a 50-L flask equipped with overhead stirring was added macrocyclic acid (1.06 kg crude, 1.00 eq), amine-pTSA (862 g crude, 1.12 eq) and MeCN (7.42 L) at 19°C. The slurry was cooled in a water bath, pyridine (2.12 L, 13.8 eq) was added, aged 15 min, and then added EDC (586 g, 1.60 eq) in one portion, aged 1.5 h, while it turned into a clear homogeneous solution.
The solution cooled in a water bath, then quenched with 2 N HC1 (1.7 L), and seeded (9.2 g), aged 15 min, and the rest of the aqueous HC1 was added over 2.5 h. A yellow slurry was formed. The slurry was aged overnight at RT, filtered, washed with MeCN/water (1 : 1 v/v, 8 L), to obtain Compound A (Hydrate II).
Compound A was dissolved in acetone (4 L) at RT, filtered and transferred to a
12-L round-bottom flask with overhead stirring, rinsed with extra acetone (1 L), heated to 50°C, water (0.9 L) was added, seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (-10 mg), and aged 15 min, and then added water (0.8 L) over 2.5 h, extra water 3.3 v over 2.5 h was added, stopped heating, cooled to RT, aged at RT overnight, filtered, washed with water/acetone (1 : 1 v/v, 4 L), and dried in air under vacuum. Compound A Hydrate III, 670 g, was obtained as an off-white solid.
Example 19: Preparation of Compound A, Method C
Macrocyclic acid hemihydrate from Example 15 (10.16 g, 18.03 mmol) was dissolved in THF (50 ml to 90 mL). The solution was azetropically dried at a final volume of 100 mL. Sulfonamide pTSA salt (7.98 g, 19.83 mmol) was added, followed by DMAc (15 mL), at RT. The batch was cooled to 0° to 10°C, and pyridine (10 mL) was added dropwise. Then, EDC HC1 (4.49 g, 23.44 mmol) was added (in portions or one portion) at 0°C to 10°C. The reaction mixture was aged at 0°C to 10°C for 1 h, and then warmed to 15°C to 20°C for 2 h to 4 h. THF (50 mL) was added, followed by 15 wt% citric acid in 15 wt% aq. NaCl (50 mL), while the internal temperature was maintained at < 25°C with external cooling. The separated organic phase was washed with 15 wt% citric acid in 1 % aq. NaCl (40 mL), followed by 15% NaCl (40 mL). The organic phase was solvent-switched to acetone at a final volume of ~75 mL Water (1 1 mL to 12 mL) was added dropwise at 35°C to 40°C. The batch was seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (~20 mg) and aged for 0.5 h to 1 h at 35°C to 40°C.
Additional water (22 mL) was added dropwise over 2 h to 4 h at 35°C to 40°C. The slurry was aged at 20°C for 2 h to 4 h before filtration. The wet cake was displacement washed with 60% acetone in water (40 mL x 2). Suction drying at RT or vacuum-oven drying at 45°C gave Compound A monohydrate form III as a white solid.
Example 20: Preparation of Compound A, Method D
Macrocyclic acid hemihydrate from Example 12 (10 g, 98.4wt%, 17.74 mmol) was dissolved in THF (70 mL). The solution was azetropically dried at a final volume of ~60 mL. Sulfonamide pTSA salt (7.53 g, 18.7 mmol) was added at RT. The batch was cooled to 0°C to 5°C, and pyridine (1 1.4 mL) was added dropwise. Then, EDC HC1 (4.26 g, 22.2 mmol) was added in portions at 0°C to 15°C. The reaction mixture was aged at 10°C to 15°C for 2 h to 4 h. 35 wt% Citric acid in 10 wt% aq. NaCl (80 mL) was added, while the internal temperature was maintained at < 25°C with external cooling. The separated organic phase was solvent-switched to acetone at a final volume of ~75 mL. Water (12 mL) was added dropwise at 50°C. The batch was seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (-300 mg) and aged for 0.5 h to 1 h at 50°C. Additional water (25 mL) was added dropwise over 6 h at 35°C to 40°C. The slurry was aged at 20°C for 2 h to 4 h before filtration. The wet cake was displacement washed with 65%) acetone in water (40 mL). Suction drying at RT or vacuum-oven drying at 45°C gave Compound A monohydrate form III as a white solid.
Macrocyclic acid hemihydrate, the product of Example 15 (10.16 g, 18.03 mmol) was dissolved in THF (50 mL to 90 mL). The solution was azetropically dried at a final volume of 100 mL. Sulfonamide pTSA salt (7.98 g, 1.983 mmol) followed by DMAc (15 mL) was added at RT. The batch was cooled to 0°C to 10°C, and pyridine (10 mL) was added dropwise. Then, EDC HCl (4.49 g, 23.44 mmol) was added in portions or one portion at 0°C to 10°C. The reaction mixture was aged at 0°C to 10°C for 1 h, and then warmed to 15°C to 20°C for 2 h to 4 h. MeOAc (100 mL) followed by 15 wt% citric acid in 5% NaCl in water (50 mL) was added, while the internal temperature was maintained to < 25°C with external cooling. The separated organic phase was washed with 15 wt% citric acid in 5% NaCl in water (50 mL) followed by 5% NaCl (50 mL). The organic phase was solvent-switched to acetone at a final volume of ~80 mL. Water (10 mL) was added dropwise at 35°C to 40°C. The batch was seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (~10 mg) and aged for 0.5 h tol h at 35°C to 40°C. Additional water (22 mL) was added dropwise over 2 h to 4 h at 35°C to 40°C. The slurry was aged at 20°C for 2 h to 4 h before filtration. The wet cake was displacement washed with 60% acetone in water (2x 40 mL). Suction drying at RT gave Compound A monohydrate form III as a white solid.
XH NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ 9.95 (s, br, 1 H), 7.81 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.18 (dd, J = 9.1, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.16 (s, br, 1 H), 7.13 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 5.96 (t, J = 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.72 (m, 1 H), 5.68 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1 H), 5.19 (d, J = 17.1 Hz, 1 H), 5.07 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1 H), 4.52 (d, J = 11.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.45 (d, J = 9.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.36 (d, J = 10.5, 6.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.05 (dd, J = 11.5, 3.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.93 (s, 3 H), 3.78 (m, 1 H), 2.90 (m, 1 H), 2.82 (tt, J = 8.0, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.74 (dt, J = 13.2, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.59 (dd, J = 14.0, 6.7 Hz, 1 H), 2.40 (ddd, J = 14.0, 10.6, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.10 (dd, J = 17.7, 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 1.98 (2 H, mono hydrate H20), 1.88 (dd, J 8.2, 5.9 Hz, 1 HO, 1.74 (m, 3 H), 1.61 (m, 1 H), 1.50 (m, 3 H), 1.42 (dd, J = 9.6, 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.22 (m, 2 H), 1.07 (s, 9 H), 0.95 (m, 4 H), 0.69 (m, 1 H), 0.47 (m, 1 H).
1 C NMR (100 MHz, CDC13) δ 173.5, 172.1, 169.1, 160.4, 157.7, 154.9, 148.4, 141.0, 134.3, 132.7, 129.1, 118.8, 118.7, 106.5, 74.4, 59.6, 59.4, 55.8, 55.5, 54.9, 41.8, 35.4, 35.3, 35.2, 34.3,. 31.2, 30.7, 29.5, 28.6, 28.2, 26.6, 22.6, 18.7, 11.2, 6.31, 6.17.
HPLC conditions: Ascentis Express Column, 10 cm x 4.6 mm, 2.7 μηι; Column temperature of 40°C; Flow rate of 1.8 mL/min; and Wavelength of 215 nm.
Gradiant: mm 0.1% ¾PO4
0 20 80
5 55 45
15 55 45
25 95 5
27 95 5
27.1 20 80
32 20 80
Retention time: mm.
Compound A 14.50
Example 18: Preparation of Compound A, Method B
To a 50-L flask equipped with overhead stirring was added macrocyclic acid (1.06 kg crude, 1.00 eq), amine-pTSA (862 g crude, 1.12 eq) and MeCN (7.42 L) at 19°C. The slurry was cooled in a water bath, pyridine (2.12 L, 13.8 eq) was added, aged 15 min, and then added EDC (586 g, 1.60 eq) in one portion, aged 1.5 h, while it turned into a clear homogeneous solution.
The solution cooled in a water bath, then quenched with 2 N HC1 (1.7 L), and seeded (9.2 g), aged 15 min, and the rest of the aqueous HC1 was added over 2.5 h. A yellow slurry was formed. The slurry was aged overnight at RT, filtered, washed with MeCN/water (1 : 1 v/v, 8 L), to obtain Compound A (Hydrate II).
Compound A was dissolved in acetone (4 L) at RT, filtered and transferred to a
12-L round-bottom flask with overhead stirring, rinsed with extra acetone (1 L), heated to 50°C, water (0.9 L) was added, seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (-10 mg), and aged 15 min, and then added water (0.8 L) over 2.5 h, extra water 3.3 v over 2.5 h was added, stopped heating, cooled to RT, aged at RT overnight, filtered, washed with water/acetone (1 : 1 v/v, 4 L), and dried in air under vacuum. Compound A Hydrate III, 670 g, was obtained as an off-white solid.
Example 19: Preparation of Compound A, Method C
Macrocyclic acid hemihydrate from Example 15 (10.16 g, 18.03 mmol) was dissolved in THF (50 ml to 90 mL). The solution was azetropically dried at a final volume of 100 mL. Sulfonamide pTSA salt (7.98 g, 19.83 mmol) was added, followed by DMAc (15 mL), at RT. The batch was cooled to 0° to 10°C, and pyridine (10 mL) was added dropwise. Then, EDC HC1 (4.49 g, 23.44 mmol) was added (in portions or one portion) at 0°C to 10°C. The reaction mixture was aged at 0°C to 10°C for 1 h, and then warmed to 15°C to 20°C for 2 h to 4 h. THF (50 mL) was added, followed by 15 wt% citric acid in 15 wt% aq. NaCl (50 mL), while the internal temperature was maintained at < 25°C with external cooling. The separated organic phase was washed with 15 wt% citric acid in 1 % aq. NaCl (40 mL), followed by 15% NaCl (40 mL). The organic phase was solvent-switched to acetone at a final volume of ~75 mL Water (1 1 mL to 12 mL) was added dropwise at 35°C to 40°C. The batch was seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (~20 mg) and aged for 0.5 h to 1 h at 35°C to 40°C.
Additional water (22 mL) was added dropwise over 2 h to 4 h at 35°C to 40°C. The slurry was aged at 20°C for 2 h to 4 h before filtration. The wet cake was displacement washed with 60% acetone in water (40 mL x 2). Suction drying at RT or vacuum-oven drying at 45°C gave Compound A monohydrate form III as a white solid.
Example 20: Preparation of Compound A, Method D
Macrocyclic acid hemihydrate from Example 12 (10 g, 98.4wt%, 17.74 mmol) was dissolved in THF (70 mL). The solution was azetropically dried at a final volume of ~60 mL. Sulfonamide pTSA salt (7.53 g, 18.7 mmol) was added at RT. The batch was cooled to 0°C to 5°C, and pyridine (1 1.4 mL) was added dropwise. Then, EDC HC1 (4.26 g, 22.2 mmol) was added in portions at 0°C to 15°C. The reaction mixture was aged at 10°C to 15°C for 2 h to 4 h. 35 wt% Citric acid in 10 wt% aq. NaCl (80 mL) was added, while the internal temperature was maintained at < 25°C with external cooling. The separated organic phase was solvent-switched to acetone at a final volume of ~75 mL. Water (12 mL) was added dropwise at 50°C. The batch was seeded with Compound A monohydrate form III (-300 mg) and aged for 0.5 h to 1 h at 50°C. Additional water (25 mL) was added dropwise over 6 h at 35°C to 40°C. The slurry was aged at 20°C for 2 h to 4 h before filtration. The wet cake was displacement washed with 65%) acetone in water (40 mL). Suction drying at RT or vacuum-oven drying at 45°C gave Compound A monohydrate form III as a white solid.
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WO2015095430
Example 24: Ring Closing Metathesis
To a 50 mL 2-neck RB flask with reflux condenser and needle for N2 bubbling was charged the product of Example 20 (1.034 g, 0.869 mmol, 1.0 eq), toluene (20.68 ml, 20X), and the resulting solution was degassed with N2. Hoveyda-Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst (10.90 mg, 0.017 mmol) was charged to the pot, and the system was heated to 80°C with constant sparge of N2, with color change from green to reddish. The reaction was sampled (5 h) and assay by HPLC to be approximately 80% converted. The system was removed from the heat and allowed to stir at RT overnight under N2. The reaction was again assayed and deemed complete by HPLC. Toluene was removed by concentration and the resulting red oil was purified by gradient silica gel chromatography (50 g BlOTAGE SNAP Si gel column; loaded with DCM; eluted with 0 to 10% EtOAc in DCM over 10 column volumes; then 10 to 20% EtOAc in DCM over 3 column volumes; then hold; detect by TLC-UV) to yield a yellow solid, which was further slurried in EtOAc (3 mL) and hexanes (6 mL). The resulting slurry was filtered and washed with 25% EtOAc in hexanes (6 mL) to yield the product (445 mg, 0.754 mmol, 87% yield) as a white solid.
To a 50 mL 2-neck RB flask with reflux condenser and needle for N2 bubbling was charged the product of Example 20 (1.034 g, 0.869 mmol, 1.0 eq), toluene (20.68 ml, 20X), and the resulting solution was degassed with N2. Hoveyda-Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst (10.90 mg, 0.017 mmol) was charged to the pot, and the system was heated to 80°C with constant sparge of N2, with color change from green to reddish. The reaction was sampled (5 h) and assay by HPLC to be approximately 80% converted. The system was removed from the heat and allowed to stir at RT overnight under N2. The reaction was again assayed and deemed complete by HPLC. Toluene was removed by concentration and the resulting red oil was purified by gradient silica gel chromatography (50 g BlOTAGE SNAP Si gel column; loaded with DCM; eluted with 0 to 10% EtOAc in DCM over 10 column volumes; then 10 to 20% EtOAc in DCM over 3 column volumes; then hold; detect by TLC-UV) to yield a yellow solid, which was further slurried in EtOAc (3 mL) and hexanes (6 mL). The resulting slurry was filtered and washed with 25% EtOAc in hexanes (6 mL) to yield the product (445 mg, 0.754 mmol, 87% yield) as a white solid.
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Merck reported interim data from the Phase 2 C-WORTHY study in April 2014 at the International Liver Congress (ILC) in London that evaluated the efficacy and safety of its two-drug regimen based on NS3/4A protease inhibitor MK-5172 and NS5A replication complex inhibitor MK-8742, given with or without ribavirin, in GT1 HCV patients with cirrhosis. The once-daily single pill (without ribavirin) showed a 98% SVR12 (12-week sustained virologic response) in genotype-1, treatment-naive patients. Merck will start the phase III clinical trials (NCT02105688, NCT02105662, NCT02105467 andNCT02105701) for the combination in June 2014.
MK-5172 is a novel, competitive inhibitor of the HCV NS3/4a
protease with selective, potent in vitro activity against a broad range
of HCV genotypes (GTs) and known viral variants that are resistant to
other protease inhibitors in development.
MK-5172 is a Next Generation HCV NS3/4a Protease Inhibitor with a
Broad HCV Genotypic Activity Spectrum and Potent Activity Against Known
Resistance Mutants, in Genotype 1 and 3 HCV-Infected Patients. MK-5172
exhibits excellent selectivity over other serine proteases such as
elastase and trypsin (no measurable inhibition), and shows only modest
inhibitory potency with chymotrypsin (IC50 = 1.5 µM; 75,000-fold
selective). In the genotype 1b replicon assay, MK-5172 potently inhibits
viral replication (IC50 = 2 nM) and demonstrates a modest shift in the
presence of 50% NHS (EC50 = 9.5 nM). In vitro, MK-5172 inhibits the
NS3/4A enzyme from genotypes 1b, 2a, 2b, and 3a with Ki values of
<0.02, 0.15, 0.02, and 0.7 nM, respectively. The genotype 2a replicon
is also potently inhibited by MK 5172 (EC50 = 5 nM).
Kuethe J, * Zhong Y.-L, * Yasuda N, * Beutner G, Linn K, Kim M,
Marcune B, Dreher SD, Humphrey G, Pei T. Merck Research Laboratories,
Rahway, USA
Development of a Practical, Asymmetric Synthesis of the Hepatitis C Virus Protease Inhibitor MK-5172.Org. Lett. 2013;
15: 4174-4177
Development of a Practical, Asymmetric Synthesis of the Hepatitis C Virus Protease Inhibitor MK-5172.Org. Lett. 2013;
15: 4174-4177
Comment
The medicinal chemistry route to MK-5172 is based on a ring-closing metathesis strategy (S. Harper et al.ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 332). The best regioselectivity (20:1) and minimization of double substitution in the SNAr reaction of A with B was achieved using 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as the base in polar solvents such as DMSO, NMP, or DMAc.SYNTHESIS, THESIS PROCEDURES, NMR see...........http://www.allfordrugs.com/2015/07/31/mk-5172-grazoprevir/
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