4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-1H-6,10-methanopyrazino[2,3-h][3]benzazepine-2,3-dione.

Chemical structures of Varenicline Tartrate and degradant product (DP-I).........4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-1H-6,10-methanopyrazino[2,3-h][3]benzazepine-2,3-dione.

(A) ¹H NMR spectrum of DP-I. (B) Proton decoupled ¹³C NMR spectrum of DP-I.


UHPLC-ToF MS⁺ of DP-I.

The impurity obtained as pale white crystals. mp 71–73. 

RP-UHPLC, tR = 1.8 min (98.5% purity).

MS (ESI, 70 eV): [M + H⁺] m/z 244. 

FT-IR (KBr), v, cm⁻¹ 3371, 3319, 3279, 3173, 3005, 2808, 1696, 1678, 1588, 1406, 1388, 1338, 1305, 1264, 1135, 1067, 873, 790, 680, 569, 485.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆ +D₂O, TMS): δ 7.2 (s, 2H, H-7,8), 3.1–3.4 (m, 6H, H-11,13,14 & 16),2.3 (m, 1H, H-12), 2.0 (d, 1H, 11.2 Hz, H-12).

¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆, TMS): δ 173.8 (C-2,3), 155.1 (C-5,6), 137.6 (C-9,10), 125.1 (C-7,8), 38.8 (C-11), 37.9 (C-12), 38.8 (C-13), 45.8 (C-14), 48.6 (C-16).

UHPLC ToF MS+: m/z [M + H⁺].Calcd for C₁₃H₁₃N₃O₂: 244.1086; found: 244.1082.

Based on the above spectral data, the molecular formula of DP-I is C₁₃H₁₃N₃O₂ and the corresponding structure was characterized as 4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-1H-6,10-methanopyrazino[2,3-h][3]benzazepine-2,3-dione.

PMC full text:

Sci Pharm. 2012 Apr-Jun; 80(2): 329–336. Published online 2012 Mar 20. doi:  10.3797/scipharm.1201-08

http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.1201-08

1 - (4,5,6,7 - tetrachloro - 1,3 - dioxoisoindolin - 2 - yl)cyclohexane - 1 - carboxylic acid (TCPTCC)

1 - (4,5,6,7 - tetrachloro - 1,3 - dioxoisoindolin - 2 - yl)cyclohexane - 1 - carboxylic acid (TCPTCC)

Mp : 261 °C;  Rf : 0.52 (SiO 2,  CH 2 Cl 2 :MeOH 9:1);

1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO - d 6 )  δ 13.15 (s, 1H), 2.76 (d,  J = 12.6 Hz, 2H), 2.00  – 1.82 (m, 2H), 1.70  – 1.36 (m, 6H);

13 C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO - d 6 )  δ 172.9 (1C), 164.1 (2C), 138.6 (2C), 128.1 (2C), 127.4 (2C), 65.7 (1C),  31.2 (2CH 2 ), 24.5 (2CH 2 ),  21.9 (CH 2 );

 IR (neat)  ṽ /cm - 1 : 2934, 2859, 2530, 1780, 1699, 1456,  1421, 1363, 1320, 1289, 1252, 1218, 1198, 1146, 1160, 1106, 1047, 955, 931, 913, 849, 786,  741,  720,  654,  618,  593,  528;

HR - MS  (ESI):  m/z =  407.9359  [M−H] − (calculated  for  C 15 H 10 Cl 2 NO 4, m/z  = 407.9369)
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African Baobab Tree, Adansonia digitata

The African Baobab Tree (Adansonia digitata) is a tree with many
stories and interesting facts.

The baobab tree can be found all over the African continent and even
Madagascar. It reaches heights of 16 to 98 feet and has a trunk diameters
of 23 to 36 feet. Flowers are large being up to 7 inches in size. The
tree produces edible fruit, called monkey bread as especially baboons
love it. The fruit has a sour taste. In the African culture the
fruit, seeds and even young leaves and seedlings are used for local
dishes and drinks.

The African tribes call the tree "the upside down tree". When bare of
leaves, the spreading branches of the Baobab look like roots sticking
up into the air as if it had been planted upside-down. An African
legend tells that the baobab was amongst the first trees to appear on
Earth. When the palm tree, the flame tree and the fig tree appeared,
the Baobab began to grumble that it wanted to be taller, to have
brilliant flame colored flowers, and bear tasty fruit too. The Gods
grew angry at this incessant wailing and pulled up the tree by its
roots, and replanted in upside down to keep it quiet!

The African baobab tree is also called the "tree of life" as it can store
water during the drought season which is sometimes vital to the rural
population. Large baobab trees could contain more than 30,000 gallons
of water, and to get to it, Kalahari bushmen use hollow pieces of
grass like a straw to suck the water out.

The baobab is Africa's latest fair trade sensation. On July 15, 2008 the
European Union has officially approved the export of powdered baobab
fruit to the United Kingdom as a healthy additive to cereal bars and
smoothies. The baobab is said to have three times the vitamin C
content of an orange, and as much calcium as a glass of milk.
According to Britain's University of Southampton, the baobab is rich
in vitamin B1, B2, and C, and calcium, plus it's bursting with antioxidants.

Natural medicine uses the bark of the Baobab to lower fevers, chewing a
leaf will wake you up and ingesting some of the tartar powder will
help with stomach aches.

The citric and tartaric acids found in the pulp provide the base for cream
of tartar, often used as a baking ingredient.

Because of their size, people have been storing supplies in old hollow
trunks or have been living inside a Baobab Tree. In rural Africa the
bark is used to make ropes and even clothing.

I hope you have enjoyed this trip to the continent of Africa to see and
learn about the Baobab tree.

AND THE BEST ONE... IMAGINE THIS...

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6, 7-dimethyl-1-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl )-1,4dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione

6, 7-dimethyl-1-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,4dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione

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Jericho, West Bank

Commonly known as “the oldest city in the world,” Jericho is an important historical, cultural, and political center located northwest of the Dead Sea. The city is perhaps best known from the Biblical story of a great victory over its Canaanite citizens by the Israelite leader Joshua. In the story, the walls of the heavily fortified city were destroyed with divine assistance during the year 1400 b.c. The site of ancient Jericho, known today as Tell es-Sultan, has been the focus of several archaeological excavations to investigate the Biblical story. The original settlement was built on a hill, or “tell”. The results of these excavations suggest that the walls of Tell es-Sultan have been built and rebuilt many times, due mainly to collapse caused by earthquakes, which are common in the region. One of these events may be the basis for the story of Joshua.

Modern-day Jericho is a popular tourist destination due to its pleasant climate, historical sites, and religious significance. Located in the disputed West Bank region of Israel, it has been ceded to Palestinian control as part of recent treaty agreements. This astronaut photograph illustrates the city center, and the original settlement mound of Tell es-Sultan. Total distance across the image is approximately 8 kilometers (5 miles). Two large refugee camps are located to the northwest and south of the city center. The high building density of the refugee camps contrasts sharply with the more open city center and irrigated fields (green polygonal patches) of Jericho, and illustrates one of the physical consequences of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the region

 
 

 

 

 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 
 

 
 
 Wadi Qelt Canyon

Part of "The Abraham Path" - Wadi Qelt runs west to east across the Judaean Desert in the West Bank, originating near Jerusalem and terminating near Jericho, near the Dead Sea.

 

 

 


 





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