1H NMR..........CLICK ON IMAGE FOR CLEAR VIEW
Ethyl 4-((1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-6-ethyl-1-methyl-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-7-carboxylate, 20
ester 20 (58.2 g, 81% yield) as off-white plates: mp 262–266 °C;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CD2Cl2) δ 8.04 (s, 1 H), 7.66 (s, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 6.90 (s, 1 H), 4.80 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2 H), 4.35 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H), 4.02 (s, 3 H), 3.69 (s, 3 H), 2.32 (s, 3 H), 1.44 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3 H); 1.41 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3 H);
13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3)
δ 162.0, 147.6, 146.1, 140.2, 139.5, 134.1, 125.6, 122.0, 105.7, 99.5,
96.6, 60.6, 51.0, 39.6, 36.0, 33.2, 16.0, 14.9, 11.9;
HRMS-ESI (m/z) calcd for C19H24N7O2 [M + H]+ 382.1986, found 382.1977.
13CNMR......... CLICK ON IMAGE FOR CLEAR VIEW
14 Temples In India Where You Get A Lot More Than Just The Traditional Prasad
We Indians even have a god for sex - Kama. So
it is only natural that we have erotic sculptures on our temples. There
have been many questions raised on the reason behind having erotic
sculptures and sexual imagery in a place otherwise considered so 'holy'
and 'pure'. There are a few theories floating about but the most popular
one seems to be that in order to enter a place so pure, you need to
relieve yourself of all your desires and lust. It is by acceptance of
lust and desire in you that you can learn to control it. Furthermore,
these sculptures are always on the outer walls of temples meaning that
the humans need to leave their desires outside before stepping in. In
many Indian manuscripts, sex was considered to be spiritual and not
hedonistic. There are many such theories but the fact remains that these
temples are known more for their erotic sculptures than the deities
residing inside.
1. Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh
The most famous of the lot, Khajuraho temples are located in Madhya
Pradesh in the small town of Khajuraho which they are named after. It is
not just one temple but a group of temples. It is rumoured that Shiva
and other deities visited the region during ancient times to play and
hence, the temples were created in their honour. All Khajuraho temples,
except one, face the east and the architecture of the temples is
designed in a way that is a perfect integration of male and female
deities and symbols. The artwork outside the temple, that is found to be
the most interesting by tourists, is a depiction of the four goals of
Hinduism -
Dharma, Artha, Kama and
Moksha. Hence, all the erotic imagery that has so enthralled tourists.
From Tigers to Tombs Wordpress Blog
2. Sun Temple, Konark
The Sun Temples of Konark are one of the most famous Sun Temples of
India. Dedicated to the Sun God, the temple was created in the early
13th century and is also called by the name 'Black Pagoda'. Konark Sun
Temple is in the form of a giant chariot and the stone wheels, pillars,
walls are all exquisitely and intricately carved. Unfortunately, most of
the carvings are now in ruins due to natural calamities and foreign
invasions. The temple is known for '
Maithunas' which are the
erotic sculptures on the temple walls. Britishers have called the Konark
Temple 'most beautiful and yet the most obscene'. However, the erotic
sculptures on the Sun Temple are explained by archaeologists, especially
by
A.K. Coomaraswamy, stating that the sculptures are a depiction of Indian sex-symbolism which is ‘sacramental’ in its likeness to the union of the individual soul with the universal spirit. The sculptures are a part of
Samsara which the human must ultimately give up to reach within, on the path of
Moksha.
Insights India Blogspot
3. Jagdish Mandir, Udaipur
Originally known as the Jagannath Rai temple, Jagdish Mandir is a
famous temple in Udaipur. The temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is a
3-storeyed temple elaborately carved. While the main structure inside
the temple is of black stone, other structures are made of metals like
brass. The temple walls even have inscriptions belonging to the time
of Maharana Jagat Singh under whose reign the temple was constructed.
The Jagdish Mandir temple also has some erotic imagery and the
explanation for the same is in keeping with the others - that the outer
walls of the temple symbolise the worldly pleasures that humans need to
give up to reach the inner sanctum or God.
Sonya and Travis
4. Markandeshwar, Maharashtra
Located in a small district in Maharashtra is the Markandeshwar Shiv
temple. Located on the banks of the river, the temple is believed to be
extremely holy and though not a well known sight, flocked to by locals
and tourists from within the state who believe in the power of the deity
residing in the temple. The outside of the temple is architecturally
different from the other temples as it belongs to a different ear. But
the intricate carvings have been preserved to day. Some of the carvings
include sexual imagery which some say is the work of demons as the
temple is said to have been mysteriously constructed within one night.
Blogspot
5. Padawali, Madhya Pradesh
Lost in the greenery near Chambal river, the Padawali ruins still
stand tall and beautiful, ensnaring tourists who visit the tiny village.
The temples are Shiv and Vishnu temples which have faced a lot of
weathering through the ages. Though most of the temples are now in
ruins, the statues and carving on the walls, tops and the stairs are
still intact, giving people a fair idea of the stories they held. Among
the various sculptures, there are also some erotic sculptures on the
outer temple walls in various positions.
6. Sun Temple, Gujarat
The Sun Temple at Modhera in Gujarat was constructed in the 11th
century and lies on the banks of a river. Though the temple is no longer
functional as a temple as no prayers or rituals are conducted here, it
is still an important tourist place and under the Archaeological Survey
of India. The temple has detailed architecture in the form of sculptures
representing the different Hindu Gods and the
Samudramanthan
where the Hindu Gods battled over the elixir of life with the demons.
The temple also has erotic sculptures and the reason cited for these
sculptures is that in the olden era, sex was neither considered impure
nor moralised, as it is today. It was seen as a pure act that brought
fertility in the world and helped give birth.
Yogoyo
7. Osian, Rajasthan
The inclusion of erotic and sexual imagery on temple walls is not
limited only to the Hindu religion. Even Jain temples have such imagery
and sculptures carved on the outer walls of their '
derasars'.
Osian is an ancient town located on the outskirts of Jodhpur that was
once a bustling trade center but is today a part of the Thar dessert. It
boasts of many religious monuments, Osian Jain Temple being one among
them. The town, in olden days, saw a mixed Hindu and Jain population
with harmony among them and the town was a major center for Jain
pilgrims. The Jain temples had tales of Jain priests and Lord
Mahavira (the youngest and last
Tirthankar) carved on the walls. Along with these sculptures, there were also sculptures of
Nagas (entwined
snakes) and erotic imagery, giving the people an idea that sex was
treated as one of the worldly pleasures, equal to other pleasures, and
not looked down upon.
Zee News
8. Virupaksha, Hampi
Situated in Hampi, Karnataka, Virupaksha temple is a UNESCO World
Heritage site and a part of a group of monuments. The Shiva temple
boasts of a huge, elaborate structure and is situated on the banks of
Tungabhadra river. A tributary of the river also flows through the
temple kitchen and terrace. The temple is beautifully structured and has
many parts like the
sanctum, three ante chambers, a pillared hall
and an open pillared hall. The courtyards, steps and smaller shrines
lining the temples are also beautifully carved. The temple boasts of
some erotic imagery on the outer walls.
Wikimedia
9. Tripurantaka Temple, Karnataka
Another temple in Karnataka, Tripurantaka temple is a temple
constructed in 1070 CE in today what is known as Shivamogga. The temple
is mainly famous for the intricate stone carvings that adorn the sides
and edges of windows and screens. Also carved on ceilings and walls are
multiple mythical animals and tales from Indian epics. The temple has a
lot of sculptures from the Kamasutra carved on the outer walls along
with a huge mythical 2-faced bird believed to have been carved to scare
away elephants from entering the premises.
Wikimedia
10. Kailasa, Ellora
Situated in a small part of the Ellora Caves, the Kailasa Temple is
dedicated to Lord Shiva. The monolithic structure is designed to
resemble Mount Kailasa, the home of Hindu God Shiva. The temple is
believed to have been constructed between
757-783 CE by the ruler
Krishna and is famous for its vertical creation. In fact, workers
started at the top of the rock and continued downwards. The temple has a
depiction of Ravana trying to lift Mount Kailasa as a sculpture. The
other sculptures carved are done in a way that on the left side, there
are sculptures for the followers of Lord Shiva and on the right, for the
followers of Lord Vishnu.
Loupiote
11. Ranakpur, Rajasthan
A temple dedicated to Adinath (also known as Rishabha) the first Jain
Tirthankar, Ranakpur Temple is situated close to Udaipur. Though not as
popular as Dilwara, many tourists prefer this temple to the Mount Abu
one as it is more elaborate and serene. The temple is constructed
entirely out of white marble and took 65 years to complete. It has 27
halls that are supported by 1447 pillars and each pillar is intricately
carved. The most surprising part about the sculptures is that no two
carvings are alike.
Flickr
12. Bhoramdeo, Chattisgarh
Bhoramdeo temples are located at Chattisgarh and are a group of 4
temples, the earliest of which was built in bricks and the rest in
stone. The temple has been described as "
scintillating poetry in
stone" and the temples are also called the Khajuraho of Chattisgarh,
given the number of erotic architecture on the temples. The temple was
built under the reign of kings who are believed to have practised
Tantrism and Occult and hence, many of the sculptures on the walls are
related to occult sciences.
Wikimedia
13. Nanda Devi Temple, Almora
Located in idyllic Uttarakhand, the Valley of Flowers, Nanda Devi
temple Uttarakhand is a temple dedicated to Nanda Devi, the consort of
Lord Shiva. Legend has it that Nanda Devi left her village and went to
the Nanda Devi
parbat (mountain). The Nanda Devi fair is held
every year around the temple in honour of the Goddess and her sister.
The temple is a simple temple but has some erotic carvings on the walls.
The symbol of these elements on the temple is urging the people to give
up their pleasures to enjoy the afterlife.
Go Places
14. Lingaraja Temple, Bhubaneshwar
Lingaraja Temple in Bhubaneshwar is a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva
and there is also the Harihara form which is the combined form of Lord
Vishnu and Shiva. The temple is widely popular with locals and tourists
and sees as many as 6000 tourists per day. The temple has animal and
mythological graffiti as well as sculptures. The temple also has a lot
of erotic art and images from the Kamasutra, the sacred Hindu text on
sex.
More India
//////
Ancient
erotic woodcarving on Jagganath temple struts in central Kathmandu,
possibly designed to stimulate a flagging birthrate. Yes, it does pay to
look up occasionally!
