M. O’Brien, N. Taylor, A. Polyzos, I.R. Baxendale, S.V. Ley, Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 1250-1257.
A Tube-in-Tube reactor/injector has been developed, based on a gas-permeable Teflon AF-2400 membrane, which allows both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reactions to be efficiently carried out at elevated pressure in flow, thereby increasing the safety profile of these reactions. Measurements of the gas permeation through the tubing and uptake into solution, using both a burette method and a novel computer-assisted ‘bubble counting’ technique, indicate that permeation/dissolution follows Henry's law and that saturation is achieved extremely rapidly. The same gas-permeable membrane has also been shown to efficiently effect removal of excess unreacted hydrogen, thus enabling further downstream reaction/processing.
Homogenous hydn...ABOVE
Heterogenous hydrogenation
M. Amatore, C. Gosmini and J. Périchon, J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71, 6130-6134. \
As we all know, the ultrasonic crusher is widely used for some fields including the teaching, research, production or other fields. See here: www.toption-china.com/products/ultrasonic-cell-crusher-ordinary-type. In fact, the ultrasonic cell crusher is the use of ultrasonic waves in the liquid dispersing effect to produce cavitation effects so that he liquid or solid particles in cell tissue disruption.
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