Isopropyl (1-methylethyl) group, with an extremely characteristic pattern

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The second spectrum illustrates several spectral features, including the unusual chemical shift of the aromatic hydrogen and an aldehyde H, and another characteristic alkyl splitting pattern.

The homotopic methyls at (a) and the unique H at (b) form an isopropyl (1-methylethyl) group, with an extremely characteristic pattern: doublet + septet, 6 : 1 integration ratio. As is often the case, we must expand the septet region to be able to see all seven peaks; if such an expansion is not available, the absorption may be referred to as a "multiplet", meaning "There's a bunch of lines there, but I can't quite count 'em!"
The pattern of the hydrogens on the benzene ring, (c) and (d), is also typical - typical for a 1,4-disubstituted benzene (para-disubstituted) with groups that differ distinctly, so that the hydrogens next to one substituent are in a significantly different environment than those next to the other. The two widely separated doublets (one neighbor) show clearly in the expansion.
The benzene chemical shift arises from an induced circulation of electrons:

The aldehyde H in R-CHO is usually found shifted downfield to the neighborhood of 9.5 ppm by an induced circulation of the p-electrons of the C=O. In Ar-CHO the additional circulation of the p-electrons of the benzene ring produces a further shift, to the vicinity of 10 ppm.










Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Tashkent - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Jump to Capital of Uzbekistan - [edit]. Independence Square. Tashkent is the capital of and the most cosmopolitan city in Uzbekistan. It was noted for its ...‎Tashkent International Airport - ‎Maksim Shatskikh - ‎Tashkent Metro - ‎


















 

 

 
 

 


 


 

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